🚗Official 2026 Handbook
Idaho Driver's Handbook 2026
Official Driver's Handbook / DMV Manual published by Idaho Transportation Department. Available in 1 language.
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Cover photo provided by Travis Ingle
. The Idaho Driver’s Handbook paraphrases the
language of Idaho statutes. Courts go by the actual
language of the statutes, not this text.
The Idaho Transportation Department (ITD) is committed to
compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and all
related regulations and directives. ITD assures that no person
shall on the grounds of race, color, national origin, gender,
age, or disability be excluded from participation in, be denied
the benefits of, or be otherwise subjected to discrimination
under any ITD service, program, or activity. The department
also assures that every effort will be made to prevent
discrimination through the impacts of its Programs, policies,
and activities on minority and low-income populations. In
addition, the department will take reasonable steps to provide
meaningful access to services for persons with limited English
proficiency.
Scan the QR code to view the most up-to-date handbook online.
INTRODUCTION
As more motorists share Idaho’s highways, it becomes
increasingly important that you always safely operate a motor
vehicle. Becoming a safe driver takes time and practice. By
knowing, understanding, and following Idaho’s traffic laws,
you will be able to safely operate a motor vehicle smoothly,
defensively, with common sense and in a variety of traffic
situations. Your life, as well as the lives of your family, friends,
and other drivers depends on it.
Anyone operating a motor vehicle on public highways in
Idaho must have a valid driver’s license. You can be licensed
in Idaho when you are 15 years of age. However, if you are
under 17 years of age, you must first successfully complete an
approved driver’s training program and the graduated driver’s
license program.
ITD and its agents will provide reasonable accommodations
to persons with disabilities and equal accessibility to our
facilities, programs, and services. Skills test examiners must
provide an equal skills test to all applicants regardless of the
existence of a disability.
ITD does not issue international driving permits for Idaho
drivers. Customers need to contact the American Automobile
Association (AAA) to obtain these permits.
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New Residents
Upon moving to Idaho, you will need to apply for an Idaho
driver’s license within 30 days of residing in Idaho, whether
your out-of-state license has expired or not. If you have a
Commercial Driver’s License (CDL), you are required to be
licensed in Idaho within 30 days of residing in Idaho.
Students
Students attending a college or university in Idaho who hold
a valid driver’s license from another state and who claim
residency in that state are not required to obtain an Idaho
driver’s license.
U.S. Military
U.S. Military on active duty, their spouse, and dependents who
hold a valid driver’s license from another state and who claim
residency in that state are not required to obtain an Idaho
driver’s license.
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FEES
(All fees are non-refundable)
STAR CARD or NON-STAR CARD Driver’s License (Class D)
• 1 year (age 17 or 20)............................................................................. $20.00
• 3 year (under age 15 to 18)................................................................... $30.00
• 3 year (age 18 to 21) ............................................................................. $30.00
• 4 year (age 21 and over) ....................................................................... $35.00
• 8 year (age 21 to 62) ............................................................................. $60.00
Instruction Permit (IP)................................................................................... $20.00
Knowledge Test .............................................................................................. $5.00
Skills Test ($6.50 paid to county DMV and up to $28.50 to Skills Test Examiner ) ... $35.00
Duplicate ...................................................................................................... $20.00
Driver Training Instruction Permit/Supervised Instruction Permit ................. $21.50
(Fee includes $6.50 fee collected in advance for skills test receipt)
STAR CARD or NON-STAR CARD
Commercial Driver’s License (CDL) (Class A, B or C)
• 1 year (age 20) ...................................................................................... $15.00
• 3 year (age 18 to 21) ............................................................................. $30.00
• 4 year (age 21 and over) ....................................................................... $40.00
• 8 year (age 21 and over) ....................................................................... $60.00
Instruction Permit (must have Idaho Class D) .............................................. $29.00
Knowledge Test .............................................................................................. $5.00
Skills Test ($10 paid to county DMV and up to $190 to Skills Test Examiner ) ...... $200.00
Endorsement Knowledge Test........................................................................ $5.00
Additional Endorsement ............................................................................... $20.00
Duplicate ...................................................................................................... $20.00
CDL Driver’s License Upgrade ..................................................................... $30.00
Seasonal CDL Driver’s License (6 months).................................................. $44.00
Motorcycle
Instruction Permit (must have Idaho Class D) .............................................. $15.00
Duplicate....................................................................................................... $20.00
Knowledge Test .............................................................................................. $5.00
Skills Test (paid to Skills Test Examiner) ...................................................... $25.00
M Endorsement ............................................................................................ $15.00
STAR or NON-STAR Identification Card
• Under age 18......................................................................................... $10.00
• Age 18 to 21 .......................................................................................... $10.00
• 4 year (age 21 and over) ....................................................................... $15.00
• 8 year (age 21 and over) ....................................................................... $25.00
• Duplicate (same fee as original cost)
Eligible customers who renew online will qualify for a $5.00 discount off of their
driver’s license renewal. Note: The discount only applies to driver’s licenses and
not identification cards.
Note: All Retest Fees are the Same as the Original Test Fees.
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Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION .................................................................3
New Residents ......................................................................4
Students ................................................................................4
U.S. Military ...........................................................................4
FEES.....................................................................................5
PRACTICE TEST ANSWERS ..........................................11
ONE DRIVER, ONE LICENSE, ONE RECORD..............12
What is Real ID....................................................................13
What is a STAR Card ..........................................................13
Misuse of a Driver’s License ...............................................13
Where to Get an Idaho Credential.......................................14
Your Photograph..................................................................14
Types of Credentials............................................................14
Class A, B, and C ................................................................15
Class D ...............................................................................15
Driver Training Permits .......................................................15
Class D Instruction Permits ................................................16
Restriction When Under 16 ................................................16
Restriction When Under 17 ................................................16
Under 18 and 21 years of age ............................................17
Foreign Class D ..................................................................17
Foreign CDL .......................................................................17
Motorcycle Instruction Permits ...........................................18
Graduated Driver’s License (GDL) Program .......................19
Driver Training .....................................................................19
Motorcycle Endorsement.....................................................20
Requirements for an Idaho Driver’s License .......................21
Documents ..........................................................................21
Proof of Age & Identity.........................................................21
Table 1 – Acceptable Photo Identity Documents .................22
Table 2 – Acceptable Secondary Identity Documents .........23
Social Security Card or Number for Verification ..................24
Proof of Idaho Residency ....................................................24
Acceptable Lawful Presence Documents (If Applicable) .....24
Visual/Medical Certification (If Applicable)...........................25
Proof of Completion of Driver’s Training (If Under 17) ........25
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Liability Signer (If Under 18) ................................................26
Verification of School Compliance (VOC)............................26
STAR Card ..........................................................................27
Designations Added to Credentials .....................................27
Donor Designation: .............................................................27
Veteran’s Designation: ........................................................27
Medical Information: ...........................................................28
Permanent Disability Notation: ...........................................28
Selective Service Registration: ...........................................28
Name Change on Credential ...............................................29
Address Change..................................................................29
Renewals.............................................................................30
Duplicates............................................................................30
Extensions ...........................................................................31
Lost or Stolen Credential .....................................................31
Required Testing..................................................................32
Medical/Visual Screening: ..................................................32
Knowledge Test: Class D (Non-Commercial) .....................32
Skills Test: Class D (Non-Commercial) ...............................33
Additional Circumstances for a Required Skills Test: ..........33
Scheduling a skills test: ......................................................34
Restricted skills test: ...........................................................34
Required documents to bring for the skills test:...................34
Passengers..........................................................................35
Skills Test Examiner Vehicle Inspection .............................36
Applicant Vehicle Knowledge & Inspection ........................36
Driving Skills .......................................................................36
Critical Driving Errors (CDE)................................................37
Results.................................................................................37
VEHICLE EQUIPMENT & SAFETY .................................38
Operating a Vehicle Without the Owner’s Consent .............38
Required Equipment............................................................38
Child Restraints are Required .............................................40
Seat Belts & Shoulder Straps ..............................................41
Equipment Not Allowed .......................................................42
Other Laws You Need to Know............................................43
Antique Vehicles & Street Rods...........................................43
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HIGHWAY & VEHICLE KNOWLEDGE ............................44
Signs, Signals, & Pavement Markings.................................44
Traffic Signs .........................................................................44
Turn Prohibition & Lane Control Signs ................................45
Work Zone Signs .................................................................46
School Safety Patrols ..........................................................48
Warning Signs .....................................................................49
Guide Signs .........................................................................53
Barricades ...........................................................................54
Traffic Signals ......................................................................55
Pedestrian Crossings ..........................................................56
Pavement Markings .............................................................58
Intersections ........................................................................60
Map of Idaho Highways .......................................................67
TRAFFIC LAWS & THE RULES OF THE ROAD ...........68
Speed Limits ........................................................................68
Stopping ..............................................................................69
Turns ...................................................................................72
Keep to the Right .................................................................74
Right-of-Way & Yield ...........................................................74
Pedestrians & Right-of-Way ................................................75
Yielding to Other Drivers .....................................................75
Passing ................................................................................76
Funeral Processions ............................................................78
Slow-Moving Vehicle ...........................................................79
Following Distances.............................................................79
Keep a Space Cushion ........................................................80
Parking ................................................................................80
Parking on a Hill or Incline ...................................................81
No-Parking Zones................................................................81
Handicapped Parking ..........................................................82
Backing ................................................................................82
Freeway Driving...................................................................83
Travel Plans .........................................................................83
Entering a Freeway .............................................................83
Possible Entrance Problems ...............................................84
Don’t Drive Too Fast or Slow ...............................................85
Changing Lanes ..................................................................85
Leaving the Freeway ...........................................................85
THE DRIVING TASK .........................................................86
Starting Out .........................................................................87
Your Mood Affects Your Driving ...........................................88
Watch for Problem Drivers .................................................88
Defensive Driving ................................................................89
Distracted Driving ...............................................................91
Things that Can Distract Your Attention...............................91
Ways to Keep From Getting Distracted ...............................92
Cell Phones .........................................................................92
Fatigue & Highway Hypnosis...............................................93
Unattended Vehicles............................................................93
Alive at 25............................................................................94
SHARING THE ROAD ......................................................95
Emergency Vehicles ............................................................95
Pedestrians..........................................................................95
Children at Play ...................................................................97
Horseback Riders ................................................................97
Bicyclists..............................................................................98
Motorcycles .......................................................................103
Large Vehicles ...................................................................104
Idaho’s 511 Traveler Services ...........................................107
Mountain Driving................................................................107
Wildlife Areas.....................................................................107
Open Range ......................................................................108
Night Driving ......................................................................108
Snow Removal Equipment ................................................109
Fog, Smoke, Dust, or Rain ................................................ 110
Rain & Hydroplaning.......................................................... 111
Flash Floods ...................................................................... 112
Winter Driving .................................................................... 113
Getting Stranded During Winter Weather.......................... 114
Handling Emergencies ...................................................... 115
Skidding............................................................................. 115
Stopping Quickly................................................................ 116
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BE PREPARED ...............................................................117
If You Have Car Trouble .................................................... 117
Avoiding Crashes .............................................................. 118
Protecting Yourself in a Crash ........................................... 118
If You Hit an Unattended Vehicle ....................................... 119
A Crash With an Uninsured Driver .................................... 119
Oncoming Car in Your Lane .............................................. 119
Tire Blowouts .....................................................................120
Running Off the Road ........................................................120
At the Scene of the Crash .................................................120
Crashes & the Law ............................................................121
WHAT AFFECTS YOUR DRIVING PRIVILEGE AND
RECORD ..........................................................................122
The Driver License Compact .............................................122
Suspension & Point Violations System..............................123
Reasons for Suspension ...................................................124
Graduated Drivers License (GDL) Penalties .....................125
Administrative License Suspension ...................................125
Test Refusal for Alcohol, Drugs, or Other Intoxicating
Substances ........................................................................126
Restricted Driving Permit ...................................................127
Ignition Interlock Device ....................................................127
Getting Your Driving Privileges Back .................................127
How Much is Too Much .....................................................128
Is Beer Safer Than Hard Liquor.........................................129
How Drinking Affects You ..................................................129
How Drinking Affects Driving .............................................129
Open Container Law..........................................................130
Drugs & Driving .................................................................130
Impaired Driving ................................................................131
Strategies to Prevent Impaired Driving ..............................131
Driving Under The Influence ..............................................131
What to Expect and Do When Stopped by Law Enforcement 132
PRACTICE TEST QUESTIONS .....................................134
PRACTICE TEST ANSWERS
1. c 4. c 7.d 10. d 13. b 16. a 19. a
2. a 5. b 8. b 11. b 14. c 17. d 20. b
3. c 6. d 9. c 12. b 15. c 18. d
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ONE DRIVER, ONE LICENSE,
ONE RECORD
When applying for an Idaho driver’s license, you must
surrender any driver’s license or identification card (ID card)
issued to you from another state, U.S. Territory, or the District
of Columbia. When transferring from one of those jurisdictions,
you will be required to pass a Class D knowledge test (and
skills test if your license has been expired for 25 months or
more), even if you were previously licensed in Idaho.
When you obtain a credential in another jurisdiction, your Idaho
credential will be canceled. If you apply again in Idaho for a
credential, you are considered a new applicant in Idaho and
must reapply and retest. When you are applying for an Idaho
Commercial Driver’s License (CDL), you must surrender any
driver’s license(s) issued to you by any jurisdiction(s) – foreign
or domestic.
If you are from a foreign country and are issued a Class D Idaho
driver’s license you are not required to surrender your foreign
driver’s license. However, you are not allowed to show or use
your foreign driver‘s license for operating a motor vehicle. If
you do, you could be cited and fined for a misdemeanor.
Accommodations for applicants with disabilities:
Reasonable accommodations will be made to provide
persons with disabilities equal accessibility to ITD’s facilities,
programs, and services, in accordance with the Americans
with Disabilities Act (ADA), when requested. Please allow the
county DMV two weeks to complete the arrangements.
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WHAT IS REAL ID
Passed by Congress in 2005, the REAL ID Act enacted the 9/11
Commission’s recommendation that the federal government
“set standards for the issuance of sources of identification, such
as driver’s licenses.” The Act established minimum security
standards for state-issued driver’s licenses and identification
cards and prohibits federal agencies from accepting, for
official purposes, driver’s licenses and identification cards
from states that do not meet these standards.
WHAT IS A STAR CARD
The Star Card is Idaho’s Real ID. It is an Idaho driver’s license
or identification (ID) card that adds a star to show it is in
compliance with the federal Real ID security standards. While
the Star Card is not mandatory, starting May 7, 2025, you will
not be able to fly commercially or enter a federal building, such
as a military base or the Idaho National Laboratory, without it
or a valid passport.
For more information, please visit itd.idaho.gov/starcard.
MISUSE OF A DRIVER’S LICENSE
You must carry your driver’s license when operating a motor
vehicle. Any misuse or mutilation of your driver’s license,
instruction permit, or ID card is a misdemeanor. If your license
gets worn, broken, or damaged you need to get a duplicate.
Providing False Information – If you knowingly provide false
information on a driver’s license, ID card, or permit application,
you are subject to prosecution for perjury and your credential
will be canceled. When you apply for a new driver’s license or
permit, duplicate driver’s license, or driver’s license renewal,
your driving record with ITD and the Problem Driver Pointer
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System (PDPS) through the National Driver Register (NDR) will
be examined. If there are any outstanding license suspensions,
revocations, cancellations, etc. in any jurisdiction, they must
be cleared before you can be issued a driver’s license.
WHERE TO GET AN IDAHO CREDENTIAL
Idaho driver’s licenses, ID cards, and instruction permits are
issued through the county sheriff’s driver’s license offices. The
list of office locations and phone numbers can be found at itd.
idaho.gov/dmv (click on the Driver’s License/ID Cards tab).
YOUR PHOTOGRAPH
Your new driver’s license, instruction permit, or ID card will
include a photo showing a full front view of your face. Before
your photo is taken at the county driver’s license office, you will
be asked remove anything that covers your face or head (i.e.
hat or sunglasses). An exception may be made for medical or
religious purposes.
TYPES OF CREDENTIALS
Types of credentials that Idaho issues:
• Driver’s Licenses
๚ Commercial Driver’s Licenses (CDL)
Class A, B, and C
๚ Class D – Non-Commercial Driver’s License (DL)
• Permits
๚ Commercial Learner’s Permit (CLP)
๚ Class D Instruction Permit (IP)
๚ Driver Training Permit (DT)
๚ Motorcycle Instruction Permit (MIP)
• Identification Cards (ID)
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CLASS A, B, AND C
Class A, B, and C licenses are Commercial Driver’s
Licenses (CDLs) that allow a person to operate certain
types of commercial vehicles. A commercial vehicle, for
driver’s licensing purposes, is a vehicle that either has a
manufactured gross vehicle weight rating of 26,001 pounds
or more, is placarded for hazardous materials, or designed
to transport 16 or more passengers (including the driver).
See the Commercial Driver’s License Manual for detailed
information about commercial driver’s licensing applications,
requirements, and endorsements.
CLASS D
Class D driver’s licenses allow drivers to operate non-
commercial motor vehicles. The requirements for drivers
from any of the U.S. Territories applying for an Idaho DL are
the same as if moving to Idaho from out-of-state. Applicants
surrender their DL from that territory and pass the knowledge
test but they do not need to take the skills test.
DRIVER TRAINING PERMITS
Driver Training Permits (DT) allow anyone 14 1/2 and under
17 years of age to attend any public school or private driver
training program. The permit expires 5 days after the permit
holder’s 18th birthday. The permit expiration for people 17 1/2
years of age and older is 6 months (180 days). While you are
enrolled in a driver training program, the DT permit is valid
only to operate a vehicle with a driver’s training instructor.
When you have successfully completed a driver training
program and the instructor has given you the driver training
permit, you will be eligible to begin the supervised instruction
period required by Idaho’s Graduated Driver’s License (GDL)
program.
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The documents required to get a DT are the same as those
required for a driver’s license and are listed on the following
pages. All applicants under the age of 18 must have a parent
or guardian, who has verifiable custody of guardianship, sign
as the liability signer, assuming the obligation of the applicant.
At 18 years of age, you may apply for a Class D Instruction
Permit without a liability signer.
CLASS D INSTRUCTION PERMITS
Class D Instruction Permits (IP) allow an applicant who is
17 years of age or older to practice safely operating a motor
vehicle for one (1) year when accompanied by an adult
(someone who is 18 years of age or older) who holds a valid
driver’s license. You must pass a knowledge test to be issued
an instruction permit. The permit may be renewed one (1)
time without requiring the permit holder to retake and pass
the Class D knowledge test, provided the previous knowledge
test was taken within the past 12 months. Anyone 17 years of
age or older may take driver’s training with either the Driver
Training or Supervised Instruction Permit (if they have taken
a driver’s education course) or with the Class D Instruction
Permit.
RESTRICTION WHEN UNDER 16
Daylight only travel is allowed unless you have a valid licensed
driver who is at least 21 years of age sitting in the front seat
beside you. Daylight is defined as 5:00a to 10:00p local time.
RESTRICTION WHEN UNDER 17
During the first 6 months from the date the license was issued,
the number of passengers in the vehicle who are under the
age of 17 shall be limited to not more than one passenger,
unless the passenger(s) are related to the driver by blood,
adoption or marriage.
UNDER 18 AND 21 YEARS OF AGE
For those under 18 and 21 years of age, your driver’s license
or ID card will show “Under 21 until month/day/year,” and your
license or ID card will expire five days after your 21st birthday.
If you are 15 to 17 years of age, your driver’s license or ID card
will show “Under 18 until month/day/year,” and your driver’s
license or ID card will expire five days after your 18th birthday.
FOREIGN CLASS D
If you are a foreign applicant applying for an Idaho Class D
(non-commercial) driver’s license and have not been issued a
CDL in any jurisdiction, you are not required to surrender your
foreign driver’s license or provide a driving record. If drivers
from Korea or Taiwan choose not to surrender their foreign
driver’s license, they must take the skills test. Drivers from
Germany do not have to surrender their license or take the
skills test. All other foreign drivers must take a skills test. No
foreign drivers are exempt from the knowledge test.
FOREIGN CDL
Foreign CDL drivers are foreign drivers from any country other
than Mexico or Canada, holding a temporary work visa for
the United States, and who may apply and test for an Idaho
non-domiciled commercial instruction permit or CDL, and not
have to surrender their home country license. If you become
a permanent legal resident or citizen of the United States and
resident of Idaho, you must surrender the Idaho non-domicile
CDL and any other licenses to receive an Idaho CDL, without
retesting unless you are upgrading or adding endorsements.
If you are from Canada or Mexico, you are not allowed to
purchase a non-resident CDL. Canadian and Mexican CDL
holders are only required to surrender their driver’s license if
they change their permanent residence from their country of
origin to the United States. If they reside in Idaho, they can
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apply for an Idaho CDL. When surrendering a CDL issued
in Mexico or Canada you must provide a driving record no
older than 30 days. You will be required to take the Class
D knowledge test and the required test(s) for any additional
endorsements you want added to your CDL.
MOTORCYCLE INSTRUCTION PERMITS
Motorcycle Instruction Permits (MIP) are available for those
who want to learn how to operate a motorcycle. You must
have a valid Idaho driver’s license to apply for an MIP. You
must also take and pass a motorcycle knowledge test. The
MIP may be renewed one (1) time without requiring the permit
holder to retake and pass the motorcycle knowledge test,
provided the previous knowledge test was taken within the
past 12 months. Any person under 21 years of age will be
required to take a knowledge test and successfully complete
an approved Motorcycle Rider Training Course. (See the
Motorcycle Riders Handbook for more information.)
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GRADUATED DRIVER’S LICENSE (GDL)
PROGRAM
Anyone under 17 years of age who has not been issued a
driver’s license in Idaho must successfully complete an
approved driver’s training program and comply with the
requirements of the GDL program. Under this program, you
will be required to complete a minimum 6-month, violation-
free supervised instruction period, during which you must:
• Be accompanied by a valid licensed driver at least 21
years of age who is occupying the front seat beside the
driver (no other passengers are allowed in the front seat).
• Ensure that all occupants are wearing seat belts or child
restraints if required.
• Observe all laws regarding alcohol and other intoxicating
substances.
• Accumulate at least 50 hours of supervised driving time,
ten hours of which must be at night.
If you are convicted of violating any traffic laws while you are
operating a vehicle under the supervised instruction period,
the permit will be canceled and you must reapply for a new
permit. Your minimum 6 months of supervised driving time
starts over again with the issuance of a new permit. Once
you have successfully met the requirements of the GDL, you
will be required to take and pass a knowledge and skills test
before being issued a driver’s license.
DRIVER TRAINING
An approved Idaho Driver Training (DT) program consists of
a required 30 hours of classroom instruction, 6 hours of in-car
experience observing other student drivers, and 6 hours of
behind-the-wheel practice with an approved DT instructor. DT
is required for anyone under 17 years of age who is applying for
an Idaho driver’s license. You must purchase a Driver Training
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Instruction Permit before attending any DT class.
The Idaho Department of Education provides approved DT
courses through public schools in most Idaho school districts.
The courses are open to all Idaho residents between the ages
of 14 ½ and 21, even if they are not public school students. DT
classes are also available through private DT schools (refer to
sde.idaho.gov/student-engagement/driver-ed/).
If you are under 17 years of age and have completed DT in
another state (while a resident of that state) but have not been
licensed in that state, you will be required to provide acceptable
proof of completion of an approved DT course from that state.
If you are not surrendering an out-of-state license, you will
also be required to complete a supervised driving period prior
to licensing. More information can be found at the link above.
MOTORCYCLE ENDORSEMENT
Motorcycle (M) Endorsements are required on all licenses
when a motorcycle rider operates on public highways. A
motorcycle is defined as a motor vehicle that has a seat
or saddle for the use of the rider and is designed to travel
with not more than three wheels in contact with the ground.
Tractors and mopeds are not classified as motorcycles.
You must pass the motorcycle knowledge and skills test or
successfully complete an approved motorcycle rider training
course before receiving an M endorsement on your driver’s
license. If you are surrendering an out-of-state driver’s
license with an M endorsement that is expired fewer than 25
months, you must take and pass a motorcycle knowledge
test. If the Idaho or out-of-state license with or without an M
endorsement has been expired for more than 25 months, you
must take a motorcycle knowledge and skills test. (See the
Motorcycle Riders Handbook for more information about the
M endorsement.)
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REQUIREMENTS FOR AN
IDAHO DRIVER’S LICENSE
New Applicants – Idaho considers new applicants to be
individuals who:
• Have never been licensed in Idaho or any jurisdiction
• Are returning to Idaho after getting a driver’s license or ID
card in another jurisdiction
• Are surrendering a license from another jurisdiction
• Have an Idaho driver’s license that has been expired for
25 months or more.
DOCUMENTS
New applicants applying for an Idaho credential are required
to provide the following to the county driver’s license office:
• Proof of Age and Identity (see below)
• Social Security Card or Number Verification
• Proof of Idaho Residency
• Proof of US Citizenship
• Acceptable Lawful Presence Documents (if applicable)
• Visual/Medical Certification (if applicable)
• Driver Training Completion (if under 17 years of age)
• Liability Signer (if under 18 years of age)
• Verification of School Compliance – VOC (if under 18
years of age)
PROOF OF AGE & IDENTITY
The county driver’s license offices are required by law to verify
your age and identity before issuing you a driver’s license or
ID card. Surrendering a state-issued driver’s license or ID
card (with photo) along with a US birth certificate that contains
your full legal name and date of birth, is sufficient to prove
age and identity. Photocopies or faxes of these documents
will not be accepted. Note: if your name has changed due to
a legal name change or marriage, you will need to provide
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documentation linking your birth name to your current legal
name. This is most commonly done with a certified marriage
certificate or court ordered name change documents.
Note: Driver privilege cards, which differ from standard
driver’s licenses and Real ID cards, are not acceptable for
proof of age and identity.
Driver’s licenses and ID cards issued from other states
are not acceptable forms of identity in Idaho unless they
are accompanied by a US birth certificate or equivalent.
Minor children (under the age of 18) do not need a photo ID.
Parents or legal guardians can provide their own photo ID
along with the child’s certified original birth certificate and, if
needed, documentation to support guardianship. If the minor
child brings in an acceptable photo ID from the list provided, no
extra identification from a parent or guardian will be necessary
(See Table 1).
When providing a birth certificate, it must be accompanied by
an acceptable photo identity document listed in Table 1 below.
If the birth certificate does not match your current name (such
as maiden name vs. married named) a secondary document,
such as a certified marriage certificate from Table 2, must be
provided.
TABLE 1 – ACCEPTABLE PHOTO IDENTITY DOCUMENTS
• Idaho issued driver’s license or identification card expired
less than 5 years
• Out-of-state issued driver’s license or identification card
expired less than 5 years
• Acceptable valid Department of Homeland Security
(DHS) photo card/document
• U.S. Military ID card or U.S. Retired Military card
• U.S. Military Dependent’s card
• Valid U.S. Passport or U.S. Passport card
22
• Original citizenship/naturalization document
• Foreign passport
• Concealed Weapons Permit issued by the state of Idaho
not expired for more than 1 year
• Veteran’s Universal Access Card with photo
• Native American ID card with photo
• Transportation Workers Identity Credential (TWIC)
• Junior or senior high school (not college or university)
photo card
• Junior or senior high school, college, university or military
annual yearbook
• Idaho Department of Corrections photo ID card
• Idaho Department of Juvenile Corrections photo ID card
Note: “Foreign Nationals” can provide a foreign passport in lieu of
the U.S. certified birth certificate. In compliance with the National
Driver’s License Agreement, the foreign passport is the only
acceptable document to provide proof of legal name and date
of birth. To establish identity, a foreign national will need a valid
foreign passport and acceptable lawful presence documentation.
Table 2 below contains acceptable secondary documents that can
be used to assist in confirming your identity. Secondary documents
alone are not sufficient. These documents must contain your
name and enough information to establish proof of all or part of
what is contained on the primary document from Table 1.
TABLE 2 – ACCEPTABLE SECONDARY IDENTITY DOCUMENTS
• Certified court name change document
• Certified marriage certificate meeting Idaho standards
with seal & document number showing it was recorded
• Certified divorce document from a court or state vital records
• Guardianship or custody documents, notarized or court
certified
• U.S. Military discharge paper (form #DD214)
All documents submitted must be acceptable to the
county drivers license office and ITD.
23
24
SOCIAL SECURITY CARD OR NUMBER FOR
VERIFICATION
Your social security number must be verified through the Social
Security Administration’s Social Security Online Verification
system. It will not be printed on your Idaho driver’s license or
ID card.
PROOF OF IDAHO RESIDENCY
You must reside inside Idaho’s borders to be issued an Idaho
driver’s license or ID card. You will be required to show proof
of physical address with documents such as lease or rental
agreements, utility bills, employment records, school enrollment
records, etc. Documents must be dated within 1 year.
ACCEPTABLE LAWFUL PRESENCE
DOCUMENTS (IF APPLICABLE)
Individuals who are not lawfully present in the United States
are not eligible for an Idaho driver’s license or ID card. Proof
of lawful presence may be required for a new issuance or
renewal, if you have not previously provided proof of U.S.
citizenship or ITD does not have record of it.
Acceptable lawful presence documents include:
• Certified Original U.S. Birth Certificate
• Valid U.S. Passport or Passport Card
• Certificate of Birth Abroad
• Original Certificate of Naturalization/Citizenship
• Permanent Resident Card or Resident-Alien Card
• Employment Authorization Card
• Valid Foreign Passport and I-94 (Arrival/Departure Record)
If you are not a citizen or permanent legal resident of the United
States, the expiration date on your driver’s license will be the
same date as your end of lawful stay in the United States
as indicated on your documents issued by the Department of
Homeland Security, or four years, whichever is less. If your
Department of Homeland Security documents do not show an
expiration date, the expiration date on the driver’s license will
be one year from the date of issuance of the driver’s license.
VISUAL/MEDICAL CERTIFICATION (IF
APPLICABLE)
If you have a visual and/or medical condition that could affect
your driving, you may be required to provide a statement from
your physician certifying that you can safely operate a motor
vehicle. The necessary form may be obtained from the local
county DMV agent.
If you have questions regarding any physical or mental
condition that may affect your ability to safely operate a motor
vehicle, contact ITD. If you have had eye surgery to improve
your vision, the restriction on your driver’s license may be
removed with a physician’s note. Contact ITD for more
information.
PROOF OF COMPLETION OF DRIVER’S
TRAINING (IF UNDER 17)
If you are under 17 years of age, you must provide proof that
you have completed an approved driver’s training program.
You must also provide proof that the supervised instruction
permit requirement has been met. See the Driver Training
section of this manual for more information about these
requirements.
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LIABILITY SIGNER (IF UNDER 18)
If you are under 18 years of age, you need to have a parent or
legal guardian with you to sign consent for you to be licensed.
The signer assumes legal responsibility for your actions as a
driver. If the liability signer is not the mother or father listed
on your birth certificate, you must also provide acceptable
legal documents (e.g. adoption records with updated birth
certificate or court-ordered guardianship documents) to show
the signer has authority to consent. The identity of the liability
signer will be verified. If the signer’s name is different from the
one appearing on your birth certificate, additional documents
such as a marriage license or divorce decree may be required
to verify relationship. If the liability signer cannot be present
to sign the application at the county DMV, the liability signer
must complete a power of attorney form, giving another
person authority to sign for them. While you are under 18
years of age, the liability signer may withdraw consent at any
time, which will cause the department to cancel your driving
credential. If you are married, your spouse, who must be at
least 18 years of age, may sign for you.
VERIFICATION OF SCHOOL COMPLIANCE
(VOC) (IF UNDER 18 YEARS OF AGE)
If you are under 18 years of age, you will need to provide
acceptable proof of enrollment and attendance in, or graduation
from, a recognized high school or equivalent program. This
proof can be in the form of a verification of compliance slip
from an acceptable school or program you are attending,
a high school diploma, or a general education certificate
of completion. When signing the liability statement, your
parent(s) or legal guardian must also sign a statement that
you are in compliance with the school attendance provisions
of Idaho Code.
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STAR CARD
The following additional documentation will be required to
obtain a Star Card (Real ID):
• Proof of identity, photo, and lawful presence (e.g. certified
birth certificate, permanent resident card, etc.)
• Name change documents for proof of identity (if applicable)
(e.g. certified marriage certificate, court ordered name
change, etc.)
• Social security number for verification with the Social
Security Administration
• Two proofs of Idaho residency with physical address.
• A list of other acceptable documents is available on the
ITD website
For more information on obtaining a Star Card, visit itd.idaho.
gov/starcard/
DESIGNATIONS ADDED TO CREDENTIALS
DONOR DESIGNATION:
• If you are 15 years of age or older, you may request to
have the “DONOR” designation appear on your driver’s
license or ID card. The designation identifies your wish
to donate your organs and/or tissue upon your death to
those waiting for transplants. If you’re under 18 years
of age you must have consent from your parent or adult
guardian to be an organ donor. Organ donor information
can be found at yesIdaho.org. You may also elect to
contribute an additional $2 to the organ donation fund.
VETERAN’S DESIGNATION:
• If you would like a veteran’s designation on your driver’s
license or ID card, you must provide a DD214 form
indicating honorable discharge. A list of other acceptable
documents is available on the ITD website
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MEDICAL INFORMATION:
When you apply for a driver’s license, instruction permit, or
ID card, you can request to have a notation placed on the
back of the driver’s license or ID card regarding any medical
condition(s) you have. This may alert emergency personnel or
those assisting you in an emergency.
PERMANENT DISABILITY NOTATION:
• Individuals may request the notation “permanently
disabled” on their driver’s license, instruction permit, or ID
card if that person:
๚ Has a permanent disability, and
๚ Presents written certification from a licensed
physician, licensed physician’s assistant, or licensed
advanced-practice professional nurse verifying
that the person’s stated impairment qualifies as a
permanent disability as provided in Idaho Code,
section 49-117, and
๚ ITD determines that the person meets all other
requirements for issuance of a driver’s license,
instruction permit, or ID card.
๚ Individuals who have received non-expiring disability
placards or disability license plates may present
the corresponding registration document to the
county driver’s license office to have the “permanent
disability” notation included on their driver’s license,
instruction permit, or ID card.
SELECTIVE SERVICE REGISTRATION:
• Federal law requires all males who are 18 to 25 years
of age to register with the Selective Service System.
The Selective Service System receives notification of all
applicants who say “no,” that they have not registered for
Selective Service.
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NAME CHANGE ON CREDENTIAL
To change the name that is shown on your driver’s license or
ID card you must apply for a duplicate or, if you are eligible,
you may make the change as you renew your driver’s license.
You will need to provide the county driver’s license office
with legal proof of your new name, such as a state-certified
marriage certificate meeting Idaho standards, court-certified
divorce decree, or court documents. Note: your name must
be updated with the Social Security Administration prior to
applying for a duplicate.
ADDRESS CHANGE
You must notify ITD within 30 days when your address
changes. You must do this by either completing a change of
address form available at any county driver’s license office
or online at itd.idaho.gov (DMV > DMV Online > Update
Address) or paper form. You may also notify the department
in writing by email or mail.
If you would like an address change to show on your actual
driver’s license or ID card, you will need to apply for a duplicate,
unless you are eligible to renew the driver’s license or ID card.
Your record must show your actual physical address, however
a post office box, general delivery, highway contract (HC)
route number or rural route, or another address may be given
for your mailing address.
For your own protection, DO NOT:
• Lend anyone your driver’s license, instruction permit, or
ID card
• Use anyone else’s driver’s license, instruction permit, or
ID card
• Display or possess a fraudulent/altered driver’s license,
permit, or ID card 29
• Keep a driver’s license, permit, or ID card if it has been
canceled
• Allow an unlicensed driver to drive your vehicle (in case
of a crash, both the driver and the owner of the vehicle
are responsible for the damage, injury, or death when
permissions to drive the vehicle have been given).
RENEWALS
If you are 21 years of age or older, you may renew your Idaho
Class D or CDL driver’s license in person up to 25 months
before the expiration date, unless you have a hazardous
materials endorsement on your CDL. A renewal is valid for
either four years or eight years, or to the end of your lawful
stay in the United States. If you are between 21 and 62 years
of age, you may choose the eight-year renewal for your Class
D or commercial driver’s license. Vision screening is required
at all renewals and, if failed, examiner may require a Vision
Exam form to be filled out by an eye doctor/specialist. Medical
Exam forms may also be required depending on pre-existing
conditions or observations.
If the Idaho (Class D or CDL) or out-of-state (Class D only)
driver’s license has been expired for 25 months or more, you will
be required to take all applicable knowledge and skills test(s). If
the out-of-state CDL has been expired for more than 12 months
and you wish to retain CDL privileges, you will be required to
take the class D knowledge and skills tests, all knowledge tests
pertinent to the CDL, and a skills test in the class of vehicle that
matches the class of CDL you are applying for.
DUPLICATES
If your Idaho credential is lost, damaged or destroyed, you
may obtain a duplicate by applying at any county driver’s
license office or online. If you are temporarily residing out of
state, a paper application may be submitted. In most cases,
the county driver’s license office should be able to identify you
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from the digital photo on file along with any other documentation
you can bring that identifies you (see previous pages for
lists of acceptable documents). If you find your lost driver’s
license or ID card after a duplicate has been issued, it must be
destroyed, or surrendered to the county driver’s license office.
The new duplicate driver’s license or ID card issued to you is
the driver’s license that should be retained.
EXTENSIONS
Your Idaho driver’s license will expire on your birthday as
indicated on your license. If you are temporarily out of state at
that time, you may apply for an extension of up to 12 months
for $10.00. If necessary, you can request a second, and final,
12-month extension upon reapplication for $10.00.
A CDL may be extended, but a hazardous materials
endorsement cannot be extended.
If you are on active duty or a dependent of an active-duty
military personnel in the U.S. armed forces, you may, during
the active-duty period, apply for as many extensions as are
needed, at $10.00 per application. For more information or an
application for an extension, contact ITD.
LOST OR STOLEN CREDENTIAL
Idaho residents whose driver’s license, DT/SIP, CLP, or ID
card is lost, stolen, mutilated, destroyed, confiscated, etc.,
must visit a county DMV office and declare the reason for
applying for a duplicate.
Applicants who are new to the State of Idaho and who have
lost a valid out-of-state driver’s license or ID card are required
to provide documentation as outlined previously to assist in
identity verification.
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REQUIRED TESTING
Applicants must be 15 years of age or older to take the
knowledge and skills tests.
MEDICAL/VISUAL SCREENING:
Your vision will be tested and you must meet a minimum
standard of 20/40 vision in at least one eye, with or without
corrective lenses. If you wear glasses or contacts during the
vision screening, a lens restriction will be placed on your
driver’s license. If a lens restriction is placed on your driver’s
license, you must always wear your glasses or contacts when
operating a motor vehicle or you may be cited and have your
driving privileges suspended. If you have a medical condition
that may affect your ability to safely operate a vehicle, the
county DMV agent may request a medical to be completed by
your physician prior to issuing you a driver’s license.
KNOWLEDGE TEST: CLASS D (NON-COMMERCIAL)
If you are a new applicant, transferring your out-of-state driver’s
license, or your Idaho driver’s license has been expired for 25
months or more, you must take the knowledge test. Knowledge
test questions are taken directly from information included
in the Driver’s Handbook. The knowledge test consists of 40
questions; you can miss up to six (6) questions before failing the
test. The knowledge test is available in English, Arabic, Chinese,
Farsi, French, Korean, Russian, Serbo-Croation, Spanish,
Swahili, Vietnamese, and American Sign Language (ASL).
Web-based driver practice tests are not an accurate representation
of Idaho knowledge tests, with the exception of the sample test
questions provided by ITD through the itd.idaho.gov website.
IF YOU FAIL A KNOWLEDGE TEST, YOU MUST WAIT
THREE (3) DAYS TO RETEST. YOU WILL ALSO BE
REQUIRED TO PAY THE KNOWLEDGE TEST FEE AGAIN.
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SKILLS TEST: CLASS D (NON-COMMERCIAL)
To ensure an applicant for a class D driver’s license understands
the rules of the road, it is beneficial for the applicant to pass
the knowledge test prior to taking the skills test. However,
tests may be taken in either order. Skills tests may only be
scheduled during daylight hours and during acceptable
weather conditions. Twelve or fewer errors is a passing score.
IF YOU FAIL A SKILLS TEST, YOU MUST WAIT THREE
(3) DAYS TO RETEST. YOU WILL ALSO BE REQUIRED
TO PAY BOTH TEST FEES AGAIN (COUNTY AND
SKILLS TEST EXAMINER).
Who is required to take a skills test? Those who:
• Have never been licensed before
• Have completed an approved driver’s training course
and the SIP (under 17)—skills test eligibility dates are
strictly enforced
• Are driving on an instruction permit (17 years of age or
older) and want to become a licensed driver
• Have vision that does not meet minimum standards
• Have a recurring skills test requirement due to a medical
or visual condition
• Present a foreign license, if there is no reciprocity agreement
• Present an Idaho or out-of-state driver’s license that has
been expired 25 months or more—does not apply to
Commercial Driver’s Licenses (CDL).
ADDITIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES FOR A REQUIRED SKILLS TEST:
• Having any mental or physical impairment that might
affect the safe operation of a motor vehicle
• When a county agent has concerns about an applicant’s
ability to safely operate a motor vehicle regardless of
prior license, experience, or age
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SCHEDULING A SKILLS TEST:
Idaho has third party contractors who administer all
Class D skills tests. Applicants required to take a skills
test are referred to the website (itd.idaho.gov/itddmv)
to obtain contact information for skills test examiners.
Click on the DRIVER’S LICENSE/ ID CARDS tab then scroll
down and click on SKILLS TEST. Contact the skills test
examiner of your choice. If the skills test examiner cannot
be reached, leave a voicemail with your name and phone
number. They will not return calls unless a voicemail with your
information is provided.
RESTRICTED SKILLS TEST:
Notify the skills test examiner if you require or would like a
restricted skills test. Restricted skills tests are for applicants
who are unable to drive outside of their specific restrictions or
proposed restrictions or only want to drive to and from certain
locations. A restricted driver’s license gives applicants some
mobility while only allowing them to safely operate a motor
vehicle within their abilities. If you do not want a restricted
driver’s license, you must complete the entire skills test route
without any modifications. You must discuss all options with
the skills test examiner prior to taking the skills test.
REQUIRED DOCUMENTS TO BRING FOR THE SKILLS TEST:
• Proof of Identity (with photo): A state-issued (Idaho
or another jurisdiction) photo ID or driver’s license,
instruction permit, supervised instruction permit,
passport, school ID, yearbook, etc.
• Vehicle Permission (written or verbal in person): If
you are not the owner of the vehicle being used for the
skills test, permission to use the vehicle must be provided
to the skills test examiner either in written format or
in person verbally. (Permission over the phone is not
acceptable.)
34
• Vehicle Insurance (not expired): A paper or digital copy
of valid proof of insurance must be in the vehicle during
the skills test. An SR22 is not valid proof of insurance.
• Vehicle Registration (not expired): Valid, not a photo
copy, must be in the vehicle during the skills test, and
signed by the registrant.
• Skills Test Receipt: Only required for identity verification
if no state-issued credential (Idaho or another jurisdiction)
is provided as proof of identity. Photo identification is still
required if a skills test receipt is provided.
• Skills Test Evaluation Form (if applicable): Form
provided by ITD for use by the skills test examiner is
required for a medical caution (reevaluation) or skills test
requirement at the time of the skills test.
PASSENGERS
Passengers are not allowed during the skills test. Exceptions
may be made for the following categories of passengers
(These specific passengers must be 18 years of age or older
with valid identification and must sign the liability waiver):
• Parent or Legal Guardian: Only one (1) parent or legal
guardian may accompany a minor (17 years of age or
younger) during the skills test.
• Translator: Translators are not required to be certified or
have a valid driver’s license. Applicants are responsible
for procuring a translator if deemed necessary.
• Law Enforcement: An officer may accompany a current
inmate during a skills test.
• Missionaries: A religious missionary companion may
accompany the applicant during a skills test if requested.
35
SKILLS TEST EXAMINER VEHICLE INSPECTION
The skills test examiner will inspect and verify that all items
listed below meet Idaho Code and ITD standards:
• Passenger door, passenger seatbelt, rear-view / side
mirrors (rear-view or both side mirrors), windshield (no
cracks or obstructions), tires (must have at least 2/32” of
an inch or more of tread. Studded tires are not allowed
May 1 to September 30, dashboard gauges / lights (no
critical lights or gauges are illuminated).
• Vehicles with dealer plates cannot be used for skills tests
unless the applicant is a dealer or a full-time salesperson.
This must be proven by providing a state-issued dealer’s
ID card.
• Rental cars are not allowed to be used for taking a skills
test if the applicant is not a licensed driver or is under the
age of 25.
If the provided motor vehicle does not meet standards, another
skills test will be scheduled contingent upon bringing a safe
and roadworthy vehicle or repairing the current motor vehicle.
APPLICANT VEHICLE KNOWLEDGE & INSPECTION
You must be able to locate and/or demonstrate to the
skills test examiner that the following items are functioning
properly: driver door, driver seatbelt, brake lights, turn
signals, headlights, windshield wipers, hazards / emergency
lights, driver window, horn, emergency / parking brake, and
defroster/defogger, as well as properly demonstrate all three
arm signals. You can miss 3 or fewer to continue to the driving
portion of the skills test.
DRIVING SKILLS
You must be able to demonstrate the essential driving skills to
safely operate a motor vehicle while abiding by Idaho traffic
laws. Twelve or fewer errors is a passing score.
36
The skills test includes:
Commercial/residential driving, curve, intersections –
(controlled, uncontrolled, railroad, roundabout), interstate
(freeway), lane changes, parking lot, turns – (right, left, U-turn),
and parking – ( stall & curb), etc.
During the skills test, you will be scored on:
Acceleration/deceleration, attentiveness, stopping (complete/
unnecessary), lane position, right-of-way, signaling, spacing,
speed control, steering control, unnecessary stops, parking
(stall & curb), traffic checks, etc.
CRITICAL DRIVING ERRORS (CDE)
A driving skill performed or not performed that may result in
an incident/accident, injury, or death. If a CDE occurs, the
error constitutes an automatic FAIL and the skills test ends
immediately. The CDE’s can be any of the following actions:
dangerous action, disobeys emergency or safety vehicle,
disobeys police or safety personnel, disobeys traffic sign or
signal, drives up onto the curb or sidewalk, intervention by
or disobeys skills test examiner, habitual violation (missing
5 or more of same scored skill), lane violation, passenger
interference, speeding, street parking (more than 18” from the
curb & impeding traffic), and striking an object.
RESULTS
Upon completion of the skills test, you will be notified of your
score. If you pass, the skills test examiner will provide you with
your skills test in a sealed envelope to deliver to the county
DMV. The envelope must not be opened. If it is determined the
envelope has been opened or tampered with, your results will
be held pending ITD verification and approval. If you fail, the
skills test examiner will submit the failed skills test results to
ITD to record on your driving record. You do not have driving
privileges until the passing skills test results are recorded on
your driving record and a driver’s license is issued.
37
VEHICLE EQUIPMENT &
SAFETY.
OPERATING A VEHICLE WITHOUT
THE OWNER’S CONSENT.
Any person who will operate a vehicle not his own, without the
consent of the owner, and with intent to temporarily
deprive the owner of his possession of such vehicle, without
intent to steal the vehicle, will be guilty of a misdemeanor.
Under Idaho law, you may not drive any vehicle that
is mechanically unsafe. If your vehicle needs repairs,
lacks vital equipment, or presents some other danger,
you are responsible for correcting the problem.
Idaho does not require an annual safety inspection, but if
you are stopped by a police officer who finds your vehicle is
unsafe or lacks proper equipment, the officer may issue you
a citation.
REQUIRED EQUIPMENT.
• Brakes: All vehicles must have two brake systems
designed so that if one fails the other still works. Foot
brakes must stop a vehicle that is traveling 20 miles per
hour on dry pavement within a distance of 25 feet. The
emergency or parking brake must stop the vehicle within
55 feet under similar conditions, and must hold the car
stationary on a hill when parked.
• Headlights: Two headlamps (with high and low beams)
are required and must be aimed to light the road without
blinding oncoming drivers. High beams must allow the
driver to see people and vehicles at least 350 feet away.
Low beams must light the roadway at least 100 feet
ahead. Must not cover headlights with any reflective,
opaque, or non-transparent material.
38
• Stop or Brake Lights: All motor vehicles must have
functioning red or amber brake lights visible for at least
100 feet to the rear in normal sunlight. Brake lights must
be designed to come on when you apply the foot brake.
Keep the brake light lenses clean.
• Taillights: Vehicles built before January 1, 1956, and
motorcycles must have at least one red light mounted
on the rear. All other motor vehicles, trailers, and semi-
trailers must have at least two red lights mounted on the
left and right rear, visible from 500 feet to the rear.
• Turn Signals: All motor vehicles built after January
1, 1955, must have flashing electric left and right turn
signals on the front and rear with a switch that can be
controlled by the driver and be visible from 100 feet. The
front signals must be white or amber and the rear signals
must be red or amber.
• Tires: Each tire should have at least 2/32” or more of
tread.
• Horns: All motor vehicles must have a horn that can be
heard at least 200 feet away. Horns with unreasonably
loud or harsh sounds are prohibited.
39
• Windows and Windshields Must:
๚ Be made of approved safety glass.
๚ Be replaced when damage to the glass obstructs
the driver’s view.
๚ Be kept free of signs or stickers not required by law.
๚ Not be blocked by any object placed or hung in
the vehicle .
๚ Be kept free of frost, snow, dirt or anything else
that obscures the driver’s visibility.
๚ Not be treated with a mirror surface or other
substance that makes them difficult to see through,
even from the outside.
• Windshield Wipers: All motor vehicles must be
equipped with wipers to keep the windshield clear of rain,
snow, or other moisture.
• Mirrors: All motor vehicles must have a rear view mirror
that provides a view of the highway for at least 200 feet
to the rear. If a load or trailer obscures the driver’s normal
view through the rear window, the vehicle must have two
additional mirrors, one on each side of the vehicle. If no
rear-view mirror is present, they must have 2 side mirrors
(1 left, 1 right).
• Mufflers: All motor vehicles must have a muffler that is in
good working order and prevents loud or unusual noise.
• Fenders and Flaps: All motor vehicles, trailers and
semitrailers must have fenders, wheel covers or flaps to
prevent mud, water or other material from being thrown
from the wheels up onto other vehicles.
CHILD RESTRAINTS ARE REQUIRED.
Automobile crashes are the leading cause of death for
American children over one year of age. Some 1,500 children
die in auto crashes each year. Another 100,000 are injured.
Most of these deaths and injuries can be avoided if parents
take the time to buckle their children into an approved child
restraint system. Idaho law requires anyone carrying children
6 years of age or younger in a non-commercial motor vehicle
to properly protect children in approved child car safety seats.
The law applies to cars manufactured with car safety belts
after January 1, 1966.
Proper protection means:
• Using approved safety seats (seats that meet federal
safety standards).
• Fitting children snugly into safety seats with the straps
that are attached to the seat.
• Securing safety seats to the vehicle
• Using safety seats on every trip.
Additional recommendations for child seat use from National
Highway Traffic Safety Administration include the following:
• Always read child seat manufacturers’ instructions and
the vehicle owner’s manual for important information on
height and weight limits, and how to properly install the
car seat using the seat belt or the LATCH (Lower Anchors
and Tethers for Children) system.
• All children younger than 13 years should ride in the back
seat.
• Children in rear-facing car seats should never ride in front
of an active passenger air bag.
• View National Highway Traffic Safety Administration’s
new child restraint guidelines.
(https://www.nhtsa.gov/equipment/car-seats-and-booster-
seats)
SEAT BELTS & SHOULDER STRAPS.
Idaho law requires all occupants to wear safety belts and/or
shoulder straps when riding in a motor vehicle equipped with
these devices by the factory. Studies by the NHTSA show that
when worn, safety belts:
41
• Reduce your chances of serious injury in an auto crash
by 50%.
• Are 60-70% effective in preventing fatalities in auto
crashes.
Safety belts also help drivers maintain control of their car on
winding or rough roads or when trying to avoid a collision.
EQUIPMENT NOT ALLOWED.
• Red or blue emergency lights. These are authorized for
emergency vehicles only.
• Sirens, bells, and whistles.
• Any muffler cut-out or bypass that makes the exhaust
system amplify or increase noise.
• More than two spotlights.
• More than two auxiliary lights in front.
• More than two fog lights in front.
• More than two cowl or fender lights.
• Studded Snow Tires.
๚ Studded snow tires may be used only from October
1 to April 30. Some years, the Idaho Transportation
Department adjusts the dates due to weather conditions.
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OTHER LAWS YOU NEED TO KNOW.
• Lights: Headlamps and tail lamps must be lighted from
sunset to sunrise and when poor visibility makes them
necessary for safety. Headlamps must be dimmed 500
feet before meeting and 200 feet before overtaking
another vehicle. When lights are needed for driving, use
headlamps, not parking lights.
• Keep Windows and Windshield Clear: Windows and
windshields must be kept clean of signs, posters, and
stickers except those required by law. You must also
clean windows of ice, snow, or dirt before driving to
ensure that you have maximum visibility in all directions.
• Obstructing Driver’s View: It is illegal for passengers
or freight to obstruct a driver’s view or interfere with the
operation of a vehicle.
• Overhanging Loads: When vehicle loads extend four
feet or more beyond the rear of a vehicle, a red flag at
least 18 inches square must be displayed at the end of
the load. At night, the flag must be replaced by a red light
visible for at least 500 feet. The vehicle’s load must not
extend outside the fenders on the left side or more than
six inches outside the fenders on the right.
• Reckless Driving: You must not recklessly drive a
vehicle with willful disregard for the safety of people or
property either on a public road or private property.
• Inattentive Driving: While driving, you must give your
full attention to the safe operation of your vehicle. Failure
to do so may cause you to be cited for inattentive driving.
ANTIQUE VEHICLES & STREET RODS.
Equipment requirements for antique vehicles and street
rods may vary from the requirements for regular passenger
vehicles. Please contact ITD in Boise at 208-584-4343 for
additional information.
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HIGHWAY & VEHICLE
KNOWLEDGE
SIGNS, SIGNALS, & PAVEMENT MARKINGS
Traffic control devices include traffic signals, signs, and
pavement markings. Traffic control may also be provided
by law enforcement officers, highway personnel, or school
crossing guards. You must obey these directions.
TRAFFIC SIGNS
There are several types of traffic signs including regulatory,
warning, work zone, guide, and other types of signs. You
should learn to recognize them by color and shape as well as
the messages or symbols they carry.
Regulatory Signs: Regulatory signs are generally black and
white, although some are red and white.
Stop: When approaching a stop sign, you
must stop at a clearly marked stop line.
If no stop line, then stop before entering
the crosswalk on the near side of the
intersection. If no crosswalk, then stop at
the point nearest the intersecting highway
where the driver has a view of approaching
traffic on the intersecting highway before entering it.
Yield: Yield right-of-way. You must slow
down and yield the right-of-way to other
vehicles and pedestrians in the intersection
you are crossing or highway you are
entering. If necessary, stop before crossing
the intersection or entering the highway. If
pedestrians are in or about to enter the
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crosswalk, stop until they have crossed the highway, then
proceed. Slow down, so that you may safely yield the right-of-
way to other vehicles or pedestrians.
Do Not Enter: You may not enter this
section of highway from the direction you
are traveling.
Speed Limit: The maximum speed limit on a section of road
(under ideal driving conditions).
Keep Right of Island: The road ahead is
divided. Stay on the right side of the island or
barrier.
TURN PROHIBITION & LANE CONTROL
SIGNS
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WORK ZONE SIGNS
Work zones are hazardous areas for both workers and
motorists. These are commonly identified with orange signs,
cones, drums, barricades, or flashing arrow panels. Here are
some tips for travel through work zones:
• Pay attention: Be aware of hazards, like uneven
pavement, narrow lanes, heavy equipment, and gravel.
• Watch for signs: Regulatory signs are generally black
and white or red and white. Warning signs in a work zone
are orange and black. Do not go around or move any
barriers or signs to cross over a road that is closed to
traffic.
Lane Shift: All lanes will shift according
to the sign. Stay in your lane as it shifts
slightly.
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.
Be Prepared to Stop: Slow down and be
prepared to stop for road work ahead.
Slow Moving Vehicle Sign: You are
approaching a slow moving vehicle. You
should slow down and approach the
vehicle with caution. This sign is primarily
used on off road vehicles (farm equipment,
construction equipment, etc.).
“Road Closed” signs mean that the
work zone cannot be entered, except by
authorized personnel.
“Road Closed To Thru Traffic” or “Road Closed, Local
Traffic Only” signs mean that the work zone is open to local
residential or commercial traffic, but the traffic must not use
the work zone as a travel route unless they have a reason to
stop within the work zone. When closure signs are properly
placed, continuous trips through a work zone are prohibited.
Other signs should be available to direct you around the work
zone.
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Slow down. Fines for speeding are
increased in work zones where the
signage indicates.
• Watch where you are going. Workers are just inches
away from traffic, working both night and day.
• Do not follow too closely. Leave plenty of space
between you and the car ahead.
• Plan ahead. Speeding, inattentive driving, failing to
yield the right-of-way, and improper lane changes also
contribute to crashes in work zones. Allow for the few
extra minutes and minimize distractions, such as a cell
phone and the car stereo.
SCHOOL SAFETY PATROLS
You must follow any directions issued by a school safety patrol
official while driving your motor vehicle. These officials are
appointed by the school and will have a badge, appropriate
clothing, or insignia marked “School Patrol”, while in
performance of their duties. They will display “STOP” or other
proper directional signs at school crossings or other points
where school children are crossing a public street or highway.
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WARNING SIGNS
Most warning signs are black on yellow and diamond-shaped.
They also include the fluorescent yellow/green school warning
signs. These signs warn you about an unexpected condition.
You may need to slow down or take other action. Some
common warning signs follow.
Open Range: You are traveling in an area
where livestock have the right-of-way and
are allowed to roam freely and unfenced.
3-Way Intersection: You are approaching
a 3-way “T” intersection and will have to
turn either to the right or the left. You must
stop and yield to drivers approaching from
the other two directions.
Intersection/Crossroad: There is another
road ahead which crosses the road you are
on. Watch carefully for cross-traffic in your
path.
Traffic Signal Ahead: These signs are
used on roads with higher speeds or
where the view of the intersection or light is
blocked. Be ready for an intersection and a
stop light.
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Merging Traffic: If you are on the main
road and see this sign, be prepared for
other cars and trucks entering into your
lane.
Two-Way Traffic: This sign warns about a
transition from a multi-lane divided highway
to a two-lane, two-way section of highway.
Lane Ends/Merge Left: Two lanes of
traffic will soon become one lane of traffic.
Merging traffic must yield.
Added Lane: Two highways are
converging. Watch for traffic in the left lane
which may move into the right lane. Before
moving into the left lane (if needed) check
to make sure it is clear while signaling
before changing lanes.
School Zone: You are nearing a school
area with a crossing. Watch for children
and the marked school crossing. There are
increased penalties for violation of school
zone speed limits. The color of this sign
may be yellow or fluorescent yellow/green.
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School Crossing: Watch out for children,
reduce speed, and obey crossing guard
signals. The color of this sign may be
yellow or fluorescent yellow/green.
Pedestrian Crossing: Watch out for
people crossing the road. Pedestrians
have the right-of-way, and you may have
to stop for them. The color of this sign
may be fluorescent yellow/green. The sign
may have flashing lights that indicate a
pedestrian is crossing.
Divided Highway Begins: You are getting
close to the place where two-way traffic will
be divided by a center strip.
Divided Highway Ends: Two-way traffic
ahead will no longer be divided by a center
strip. Watch out for oncoming cars.
Low Clearance: Indicates the overhead
clearance above the highway is very low.
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Railroad Crossing: This sign gives you
early warning of a railroad crossing(s)
ahead. Be prepared to stop before you get
to the tracks if a train is approaching the
crossing.
Slippery When Wet: Road ahead may
become slippery in wet weather. Slow
down under these conditions.
Hill: This sign is a warning to all vehicles
that the road goes down a steep hill. You
should check your brakes before going
down the hill.
No Passing Zone: This pennant-shaped
sign will be on the left-hand side of the road
or highway in addition to a “DO NOT PASS”
sign or pavement markings. It warns you of
a no passing zone for your lane of traffic.
Share the Road: This sign is placed
below a bicycle symbol sign and is used
on highways where bike lanes are not
provided. It serves as a warning to drivers
and bicyclists that they need to share the
highway. The signs may be placed where
there are narrow lanes, narrow shoulders,
high traffic volumes or speeds.
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-
Animal Crossing: Watch for animals
crossing the highway.
Emergency Notification System Sign:
This sign is posted at or near a railroad
crossing and lists the railroad’s phone
number along with the location specific
crossing number. The sign displays
information needed to notify the railroad
of an emergency situation or of a warning
device malfunction.
GUIDE SIGNS
Guide signs are either white on green for directional and
distance, white on blue for motorist’s services, or white on
brown for cultural, historical, or scenic points of interest.
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BARRICADES
Highway departments and construction crews often perform
work that requires traffic lanes or entire roads to be temporarily
or permanently closed. If a lane or road is closed to traffic,
one of three types of barricades will be placed in the road
as a warning to drivers. Barricades are either red and white
(permanent) or orange and white (temporary). Even though
barricades can be of different colors, the instructions they give
to drivers are the same.
The V-shaped pattern on this barricade
means that the road is closed and traffic
can proceed no further.
The lines on this barricade angle down to
the left, indicating that traffic must pass the
barricade on the left side.
The lines on this barricade angle down to
the right, indicating that traffic must pass
the barricade on the right side.
The barricades may have flashing lights on
them especially at night.
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TRAFFIC SIGNALS
Traffic signals are lights that regulate
the flow of traffic mainly through
intersections. Vertical traffic lights
have a red light at the top, a yellow
light in the middle, and a green light
at the bottom. Horizontal traffic lights
have a red light on the far left, a
yellow light in the middle, and a green light on the far right.
• Red Light: A steady red circular indication means stop.
Come to a complete stop before you reach the stop line,
crosswalk, or intersection. You can make a turn on a red
light unless posted “no turn on red.”
• Flashing Red Light: A flashing red indication means
stop. You must come to a complete stop, yield to cross
traffic or pedestrians, and then proceed when clear.
• Steady Red Arrow: While the steady red arrow
indication is displayed, no turn is permitted in the
direction of the arrow until a green or yellow light
indication allows movement.
• Yellow Light: A yellow light means caution. An amber or
yellow circular indication warns that the signal is about
to change to red. If you have not entered the intersection
and can come to a safe stop, you should do so. If you are
already in the intersection, you should continue moving
and clear it safely.
• Flashing Yellow Light: A flashing circular yellow
indication means caution. You should slow down, look
carefully for hazards, and proceed with caution.
• Solid Yellow Arrow: The solid yellow indication with an
arrow means the signal for the turn is changing. If you
have not entered the intersection and you can come to
a safe stop, you should do so. If you are already in the
intersection, you should continue the turn and clear the
intersection safely. 55
• Flashing Yellow Arrow: The flashing yellow arrow
means turns are allowed after yielding to oncoming traffic
and pedestrians in crosswalks.
• Green Circular Light: A green circular indication means
“go.” You may proceed forward. If you are in the left-turn
lane, you must yield to oncoming traffic and pedestrians
in crosswalks before turning left. You should not enter the
intersection unless there is sufficient space on the other
side of the intersection for your vehicle to completely
pass through the intersection, so you are not blocking the
intersection, regardless of a traffic control signal to proceed.
• Doghouse Signal: Most commonly used to indicate
protected left turns. The yellow light indicates that the
protected left turn movement is ending.
Note: Whenever a traffic signal is not functioning, treat the
intersection as a four-way stop.
PEDESTRIAN CROSSINGS
Pedestrian crossing beacons allow pedestrians to cross
the highway and permit drivers to proceed as soon as the
pedestrians have passed. The Pedestrian Hybrid Beacon
(sometimes called HAWK) consists of two red lenses
positioned over a single yellow lens. The traffic lights are
located on a mast arm over the highway and on the roadside.
Unlike a standard traffic signal, intersections with pedestrian
hybrid beacons do not have any traffic signals facing the side
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street approaches. Any side street that is controlled by a
stop sign will continue to be controlled by a stop sign when a
pedestrian hybrid beacon is in place. Before turning a corner,
watch for people about to cross the street.
1. The signal light the driver sees is unlit until the pedestrian
pushes the crosswalk button.
2. Then it turns to a flashing yellow light that warns drivers
approaching the crosswalk to slow down.
3. The flashing yellow light is followed by a solid yellow light,
telling drivers to prepare to stop.
4. Two solid red lights indicate to drivers to stop at the stop
line. Vehicles must stop completely when the signal lights
are steady red.
5. When the red lights flash alternately, the driver must stop,
yield to pedestrians in the crosswalk, and proceed when the
crosswalk is clear. Normal vehicle traffic can resume when the
light turns dark again.
6. The signal light the driver sees is unlit and they may
proceed if the crosswalk is clear.
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PAVEMENT MARKINGS
The lines and symbols that are painted on the highways divide
lanes, tell you where it is not safe to pass other vehicles, where
you may not change lanes, which lanes to use for turns, where
pedestrians may walk, and where you must stop for signs or
traffic signals.
A Dashed Yellow Line – A dashed yellow
line means that vehicles in either lane can
cross the line if it is safe to do so.
Double Solid Yellow Lines – Two solid
yellow lines mean that neither lane of
traffic can cross the lines unless they are
turning (if it is safe to do so). A driver can
cross a double yellow line when turning
left into or out of a driveway or entrance to
a business. No passing is allowed.
A Solid Yellow Line and A Dashed
Yellow Line – One solid yellow line and
one dashed yellow line means that only
vehicles in the lane with the dashed line
(lower lane in this drawing) can cross the
lines to pass other vehicles.
Shared Lanes – Center lanes are
reserved for making left turns (or U-turns
when they are permitted) from either
direction of travel. Shared center lanes
are marked on each side by a solid and
yellow dashed lines. You may not travel
in the shared turn lanes or interfere with
another vehicle preparing to make a turn
from the center turn lane.
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Edge Lines – Solid white lines may be
located along the side of the road to show
where the edge of the road is located. At
night or in bad weather, they help you
stay on the road.
A Solid White Lane Line – Avoid
changing lanes where a solid white line
separates lanes of traffic moving in the
same direction.
A Solid White Line With a Bicycle
Insignia – Located along the side of the
road, this indicates the area is designated
for bicycle traffic only. Bicycles must
travel in the same direction as adjacent
traffic.
Dashed White Lane Lines – On
highways with more than one lane
moving in one direction, traffic lanes are
separated by broken white lines. Drive
within these lines. Never straddle them.
Cross over them only when it is safe to
change lanes.
Double Solid White Lane Lines – Lane
changes are prohibited in areas where
this type of marking is present.
Dashed Bike Lane Lines – The dashed
bike lane line indicates that drivers turning
right can merge to the right and bicyclists
turning left can merge to the left. These
are always found at intersections or some
driveway areas. Bicyclists should move
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left, out of the bike lane, if they are going straight, to prevent a
turning car from colliding with the bicycle. Both users must be
aware of each other, and if a bike is already in that area, right
turning drivers must yield. If a car is already there, the bicyclist
must move to the left.
Green Pavement in Bicycle Lanes
Green paint emphasizes where two
movements cross over each other. Some
bicycle lanes and bicycle lane extensions
through intersections are painted green
for additional emphasis. Drivers must
be aware that bikes may be present and
bicyclists must be aware that vehicles
cross the bike lane in this area.
INTERSECTIONS
Railroad Crossings
Railroad (RR) crossings should always be considered
dangerous. Drivers should listen and look both ways for an
approaching train and for signals indicating an approaching
train. Never proceed until you are certain it is safe to do so.
When required to stop, you should do so within 50 feet but no
less than 15 feet from the nearest rail of the crossing.
The chance of death or serious injury in a collision between
a train and a motor vehicle is 40 times greater than for other
highway crashes. The stopping distance for a 150-car freight
train traveling 50 miles per hour is 7,000 feet or 1 and 1/3
miles. It is up to you to protect your life and the lives of your
passengers at a railroad crossing.
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Learn the signs and devices that highway departments and
railroad companies put up to warn you of danger at a RR
crossing:
• Many times, pavements are marked in advance of a
crossing with an X and the letters RR.
• Railroad cross buck signs can be found at most
crossings.
• Flashing-light signals are often combined with cross buck
signs at crossings on busy streets and highways. You
must stop when the lights are actively flashing and may
only proceed when you can do so safely.
• Gates are used to stop automobile traffic at many
particularly dangerous crossings. You must never drive
through, under or around a crossing gate that is lowered
or being lowered.
You can avoid a tragedy by following a few safety tips:
• Expect a train at any time. Always be careful at a
crossing.
• Never stop your vehicle when any part of your vehicle is
on the track.
• When in traffic, never proceed across the tracks unless
there is adequate room for the full length of your vehicle.
• Never drive around lowered gates or fail to heed a
warning signal, even if you can’t see a train approaching.
• Never shift gears while driving through a crossing; this may
cause your vehicle to stall on the tracks.
• Never race a train to a crossing.
• Watch out for a second train. Do not proceed until you
are sure no train is approaching on another track.
• Watch out for vehicles that must stop at crossings. Some
buses and trucks are required to stop at all railroad
crossings.
• Look both ways as you approach a railroad crossing,
even if the flashing-light signal is not functioning.
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Roundabouts (aka Rotary or Traffic Circle)
The roundabout is a one-way circular intersection where you
must always turn right to enter and exit. The most common
sign seen when approaching a roundabout is a warning sign
with an arrow in a circle pattern. In a roundabout intersection,
all drivers must yield the right-of-way to vehicles that are
already in the circle.
Drivers must enter the roundabout counter-clockwise and merge
into the circle, whether they need to make a right turn, a left turn, a
U-turn, or continue forward straight through the intersection.
How do I drive it?
• Slow down.
• Obey all traffic signs and pavement markings.
• Yield to pedestrians and bicyclists when entering and
exiting the roundabout.
• Yield to traffic on your left already in the roundabout.
• Keep your speed low.
• As you approach your exit, turn your right turn signal on.
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Thru-Turn
A thru-turn is a method of managing intersection traffic by
prohibiting direct left turns.
How do I drive it?
To complete a left turn in a thru-turn intersection, continue
through the intersection, perform a U-turn downstream at the
next traffic signal from the traffic signal/intersection you just
went through, as directed by lane markings, head back toward
the intersection, and make a right turn.
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Single Point Urban Interchange
A single point urban interchange or SPUI (pronounced SPOO-
EE), gets its name from the traffic signals that control turns
from a “single point” at the center of the interchange.
How do I drive it?
Make sure to stop at the stop lines so you won’t be too far out
in the intersection where you might impede cross-traffic.
Going Straight (Orange Arrow)
• Stay in one of the two through lanes.
• Turning left onto highway (green arrow)
• Enter the left-turn lanes (marked with a left arrow).
Exiting Highway (Blue Arrow)
• The exit ramp divides traffic into lanes for turning left and
right.
• If you exit the freeway by mistake, you cannot travel
straight across the highway and get on at the other
side. You need to turn left or right onto the intersecting
highway and find a safe place to turn around to return to
the correct entrance to the freeway.
• Exit the highway to travel on the cross street (yellow and
blue arrows).
• Turning right – Drivers will stay in the right lane when
exiting the interstate. Yield, turn right, and merge onto the
highway. Watch for pedestrians.
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• Turning left – Drivers exit the interstate in the left lane
and merge into traffic onto the highway. Watch for
pedestrians.
Walking or Bicycling
The interchange includes crosswalks, bicycle paths, and
pedestrian signals. Bicyclists and pedestrians use the
signalized pedestrian crossing and then are directed to the
center pedestrian island in the middle of the interchange.
Diverging Diamond Interchange – DDI
A Diverging Diamond Interchange, or DDI, temporarily
channels traffic lanes to the left side of the highway in order to
create direct access with the interstate.
How do I drive it?
Drivers will notice that opposing traffic crosses at the signals
on each side of the bridge/overpass. Drivers will need to
follow the road signs, signals, raised islands, and pavement
markings. Motorists will need to stop at the stop lines to ensure
they are not out in the intersection where they could impede
cross-traffic, pedestrians, or bicyclists.
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Going Straight over the Interchange
As drivers approach the intersection, they will proceed through
the traffic signal at the entrance to the interchange and follow
their lane to the opposite side of the overpass. They then
proceed through the second traffic signal and follow their lane
back to the right side of the road. Road signs, signals, and
pavement markings will help guide drivers to where they need
to go.
Turning onto the Highway
As drivers approach the interchange in the left lane, they
will proceed through the traffic signal at the entrance to the
interchange and follow their lane to the opposite side of the
road. Once they cross the bridge, they will make a left-hand
turn onto the highway.
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MAP OF IDAHO HIGHWAYS
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TRAFFIC LAWS & THE RULES OF
THE ROAD
Idaho’s traffic laws and safe driving practices are the “Rules
of the Road” that allow the safe and orderly movement of
vehicles, bicycles, and pedestrians. They affect many driving
activities such as stopping, driving speed, yielding the right-
of-way, passing other vehicles, and parking.
SPEED LIMITS
The following are important aspects of Idaho law concerning
speed limits.
• Idaho’s “basic rule” law: Idaho law has a basic rule
requiring you to drive at a speed that is “reasonable
and prudent” at all times. This applies to all roads and
highways where maximum and minimum speed limits
are set by law or posted. Whenever you are driving, you
need to think about how your speed affects other traffic
(including pedestrians and bicycle riders). You also need
to think about the road surface (the presence of ice,
snow, rain, or rough pavement), hazards at intersections,
visibility, oncoming traffic, curves, and any other
conditions that may affect safety. If you drive too slow
for existing conditions and are impeding the safe flow
of traffic (even if under the posted speed limit), you are
violating the “basic rule” law.
• Maximum speeds: 75 miles per hour on interstates
unless otherwise posted. (80 may be allowed where
posted). Vehicles with 5 or more axles and over 26,000
pounds, shall not exceed 10 miles per hour less than
posted speed on non-urban interstate highways (65 or 70
miles per hour) and shall not exceed 65 miles per hour
on urban interstate highways. Vehicles shall not exceed
65 miles per hour on state highways (70 may be allowed
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where posted). 55 miles per hour up to 70 is allowed in
other locations unless otherwise posted. Maximum speed
in any residential, business, or urban district is 35 miles
per hour unless otherwise posted.
• Minimum speeds: It is illegal to drive so slowly that you
disrupt the normal flow of traffic. You may not operate a
vehicle in the extreme left-hand lane for a period of time
that impedes the flow of other traffic traveling at a lawful
rate of speed.
• School zones: Observe posted speed limits in school
zones.
• Work zones: Observe posted speed limits in designated
work zones. Violating a work zone speed limit can result
in an enhanced, fixed penalty.
• Racing: It’s illegal to engage in any vehicle race, speed
exhibition, or speed contest on any public road, street, or
highway.
STOPPING
Idaho law requires you to:
• STOP at a clearly marked stop line or before entering the
crosswalk on the near side of the intersection or at the
point nearest the intersecting highway before entering it.
• STOP for any flashing red indication; it is the same as a
stop sign.
• STOP for any steady red arrow indication; it is the same
as a stop sign. You may not make a turn at the red arrow
until a green or yellow light indication allows movement.
• STOP for any steady red circular traffic indication and
remain stopped behind the stop line. If there is no stop
line, stop before entering the crosswalk. You may turn
right after stopping and yielding to cross-traffic except
where posted otherwise. You may turn left onto a one-
way street after stopping and yielding to cross-traffic
unless left turns are not allowed. In all other cases,
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wait until the indication turns green before proceeding.
When a green arrow is shown along with a steady red
indication, you may proceed only in the direction of the
green arrow.
• STOP or slow down at an intersection when necessary
to yield right-of-way to a pedestrian crossing within a
marked or unmarked crosswalk.
• STOP at a railway crossing when a train is coming or
when wigwag or flashing signals, gates, or a watchman
indicate the approach of a train.
• STOP when entering a street from an alley, building,
driveway, or private road. Stop before crossing the
sidewalk and yield to pedestrians and traffic.
• STOP upon the request of any police officer.
• STOP for emergency or police vehicles sounding a siren
or flashing red or blue lights. Pull over to the nearest
edge or curb on the right side of the highway and clear of
any intersection, and remain stopped until the emergency
vehicle has passed, or the police officer has indicated
you may proceed.
• STOP when you are involved in a crash.
• STOP for a school bus that is loading or unloading
students. Traffic must stop and remain stopped as long
as the red lights near the top of the bus are flashing and/
or the stop arm on the left side of the bus is extended.
You must stop when approaching a
school bus that is displaying flashing
red lights while stopped to pick up or
drop off children. You must remain
stopped until all children are clear of
the roadway and the bus.
You do not have to stop if you are
traveling in the opposite direction on
highways with four or more lanes if
two lanes are going in each direction.
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Stop signals: When slowing down or stopping, you must
give a signal to other drivers. You may use either the brake-
operated signal lights on the rear of your vehicle or an arm
signal.
Speed & Stopping: The speed at which you are traveling
determines how much time you have to react and how long it
takes you to stop.
Driving too fast is a major cause of motor vehicle crashes.
When combined with other violations, mechanical failure, or
errors in judgment, speeding often leads to disaster.
Stopping Behind a Vehicle
When stopping behind another vehicle, a safe driving habit
is to leave enough distance between the vehicles to see the
rear tires (where they touch the ground) of the vehicle in front
of you. This may keep you from hitting the vehicle in front of
you if someone crashes into the rear of your vehicle or allow
you room to go around a stalled vehicle without backing and
causing a traffic hazard.
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TURNS
Many motor vehicle crashes are caused by improper turns.
Always use a turn signal when you:
• Change lanes or pass another vehicle
• Exit a roundabout
• Turn at an intersection or into a driveway
• Enter or leave a freeway or interstate highway
• Pull away from a parked position along a road or street to
enter the traffic lane
• Pull over to the side of the road
Proper signaling may prevent a rear-end collision. Signals
must start at least 100 feet (in business or residential areas)
or five seconds (on freeways or highways) before you turn or
change lanes. If you plan to turn just beyond an intersection,
signal just after you pass through the intersection so you won’t
confuse other drivers. You may use either electric turn signals
or arm signals.
The correct arm signals are:
• Left: Your arm and hand extended straight out the
window.
• Right: Your arm and hand extended upward out the
window.
• Slow or Stop: Your arm and hand extended
downward out the window (see illustration).
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• Right Turns: Signal and approach the intersection in
the right-hand lane, staying as close to the right curb as
is reasonable. Yield the right-of-way to pedestrians and
vehicles that have the right-of-way. Watch for bicycles
that are approaching from the right between your vehicle
and the curb. Then turn into the right-hand lane of the
cross street. Do not swing wide.
• Left Turns: Signal and approach the intersection in the
lane closest to the left that is open to traffic going your
direction. If you are on a two-lane road, you should move
to the left side of your lane. Yield the right-of-way to
pedestrians and oncoming vehicles. When safe, turn into
the nearest lane where traffic moves in the direction you
want to go. Do not cut the corner.
• Vehicles in the left lane must turn left: Vehicles in
the right lane may turn left or continue straight ahead.
Vehicles turning left must remain in their lane of travel
until after completing the turn.
• Turning at a Red Light: At a steady red light, you may
turn right after stopping and yielding to cross traffic,
unless otherwise posted. When turning left, from a one-
way street, onto a one-way street, you may proceed from
a steady red light after stopping and yielding for cross-
traffic, unless otherwise posted.
• U-Turns: U-turns are not legal if no U-turn signs are
posted. U-turns may not be made on any curve, or the
approach of or near the crest of a hill, where the vehicle
cannot be seen by approaching vehicles from either
direction within 500 feet, or a no passing zone. Stop and
yield to all traffic before completing a U-turn.
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Solid pavement markings in the center of the road indicate
that a U-turn is prohibited.
1. Pull to the far right edge
of the road and stop.
2. Check to the front and
rear of vehicle, and your
left-rear blind spot. If
clear, signal and turn
sharply left while moving
slowly.
3. When your vehicle is
headed toward the
target area, recheck to
the rear of the vehicle
and accelerate to the
speed of the traffic.
KEEP TO THE RIGHT
In most cases, the law requires that you stay as far to the right
side of the road as possible. The exceptions are:
• When preparing to make a left turn
• When passing another vehicle going in the same direction
• When on a highway with more than two lanes where the
right lane is designated for slow traffic
• When entering the left lane temporarily in order to avoid
an obstruction, a pedestrian, or an animal
• When traveling on a road restricted to one-way traffic
• When traveling on a road with two or more lanes traveling
in the same direction
RIGHT-OF-WAY & YIELD
Idaho law defines when a vehicle or pedestrian must yield
the right-of-way, letting another vehicle or pedestrian pass
through an intersection first. Always remember that right-of-
way is something to be given, not taken.
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PEDESTRIANS & RIGHT-OF-WAY
Motor vehicles must yield to a pedestrian when:
• The pedestrian is in a marked or unmarked crosswalk at
an intersection.
• The vehicle is entering a street from an alley or driveway.
• The pedestrian is a blind person walking with a white
cane or guide dog.
Pedestrians must yield to motor vehicles when:
• The pedestrian is crossing a street where there is no
crosswalk or intersection.
• Directed to do so by a traffic signal at an intersection or
crosswalk.
YIELDING TO OTHER DRIVERS
You must yield to other drivers:
• As you approach a yield sign, always slow down and be
prepared to stop.
• When entering a street from an alley, driveway, or garage
after stopping.
• After stopping for a stop sign at a two-way stop, yield to
cross-traffic.
• At four-way stops , the first vehicle to arrive at a four-
way stop has the right of way. If two vehicles arrive at
the same time, the vehicle on the left must yield to the
vehicle on the right.
• At an unmarked or uncontrolled intersection (no signs
or signals), if two vehicles arrive at the same time, the
vehicle on the left must yield to the vehicle on the right.
• At an unmarked or uncontrolled three-way “T”
intersection where you will have to turn either right or left,
you must stop and/or yield to any drivers approaching
from the other two directions.
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• When making a left turn, always yield to oncoming traffic
in the intersection unless directed otherwise by a traffic-
control device.
• In work zones, yield to all vehicles or pedestrians working
on a highway construction project.
• When a stop light is not functioning due to a power
outage, yield to other drivers in the same manner as four-
way stops.
PASSING
Passing and being passed are normal parts of driving but
can increase the chances of a crash. Idaho’s mountains and
winding river canyons make passing risky on many two-lane
highways.
If you must pass, do so only when you won’t interfere with
oncoming traffic or the vehicle you’re passing. Wait until you’re
certain you have enough time to pass safely. Before returning
to your own lane, signal and wait until you can see the vehicle
you’re passing in your rear-view mirror.
If you start to pass but decide you can’t make it, pull back and
wait for another opening. “No Passing” signs and pavement
markings can tell you where passing is prohibited or unsafe,
but only you can tell when it is safe.
Passing is prohibited when you are in or approaching the
following areas:
• Hills, curves, or other obstructions on two-lane roads that
prevent you from seeing oncoming vehicles that might
pose a hazard
• Within 100 feet of an intersection, unless otherwise
indicated by traffic-control devices
• Within 100 feet of a railroad crossing, unless otherwise
indicated by traffic-control devices
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• Within 100 feet of a bridge or tunnel when the view is
obstructed
• When a school bus is stopped to load or unload
passengers
• When a vehicle ahead of you has stopped at a marked or
unmarked crosswalk to let a pedestrian cross
• When you must go off the pavement or roadway to pass
Passing Speed Limit Exception: If you are driving a
passenger vehicle, motorcycle or pickup, not towing another
vehicle, you may exceed the posted speed limit by up to 15
miles per hour while passing another vehicle that is traveling
below the posted speed limit on a two-lane roadway. The
posted speed limit must be 55 miles per hour or greater. This
does not apply in work zones. You must return to the right-
hand lane and reduce speed to the posted speed limit as soon
as practicable.
Passing on the Right
You may pass a vehicle on the right only in the situations listed
below and only if you can do so safely. This movement shall
not be made by driving off the roadway.
Passing on the right is prohibited except:
• When the vehicle you’re overtaking on a two-lane, two-
way road is signaling to turn left
• On a one-way or multi-lane street with two or more lanes
going your direction
When Passing Other Vehicles
• Check your mirrors and blind spots, someone else may
be trying to pass you. Turn on your left turn signal, then
move into the left lane.
• Wait until you have passed the vehicle and can see it in
your rear-view mirror before turning on your right turn
signal and moving back into the right lane.
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• If the vehicle you’re passing begins to drift toward you,
use your horn.
• Complete a pass before coming within 200 feet of
oncoming traffic.
• Complete a pass before you reach a “No Passing” zone
marked with signs or pavement markings.
When Being Passed
• Help other drivers pass you safely. Move to the right side
of your lane to give them more room and a better view of
the road ahead.
• Don’t speed up. Maintain a steady speed or slow down.
• Watch for trouble. If the other driver miscalculates, your
quick reaction can reduce the chances of being involved
in a crash.
FUNERAL PROCESSIONS
If you see a funeral procession on the road, do not drive between
or join vehicles in the formation unless you are authorized to
do so by a police officer. Do not pass the procession in the
right lane on a multi-lane highway unless the procession is in
the farthest left lane.
You may not enter an intersection when the procession
is proceeding through (regardless of the color of the traffic
light) unless you can do so without crossing the path of the
procession. Always give funeral processions the right of way.
All vehicles in a funeral procession are required to have their
headlights and tail lights turned on. The first and last vehicles
in the procession must also have their warning lights flashing
to indicate the beginning and ending points of the formation.
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SLOW-MOVING VEHICLE
Any vehicle traveling slower than the normal speed of traffic
delaying three or more other vehicles in a rural area or on a
two-lane highway must turn off the road wherever safe to let
the other vehicles pass.
Slow-moving vehicles designed to travel no faster than 25 miles
per hour may travel on public highways during daylight hours
only (30 minutes before sunrise to 30 minutes after sunset),
except for snow removal and farm equipment operated on
non-interstate highways and equipped with flashing lights
visible for 500 feet. All slow-moving vehicles must have a foot
brake, turn signals, and must display the approved emblem
for slow-moving vehicles.
FOLLOWING DISTANCES
“Tailgating” (driving too close to the car ahead) is a common
cause of crashes. When following another car, you must leave
yourself enough space to stop in any situation. You must also
be sure your brakes are in good shape. Know how quickly
they will stop you under any conditions. Test them often,
particularly when the road is wet, icy or snowy.
The three-second following distance rule is the minimum
recommended safest procedure to use. At high speeds or in
bad weather you will need to increase your following distance.
The three-second rule is explained in the illustration below. It
works like this:
• Choose a fixed object, such as a sign or tree ahead of
the car in front of you.
• As the car ahead passes the object, count off three
seconds (one-thousand-one, one-thousand-two, one-
thousand-three). 79
• If it takes at least three seconds before you pass the
object, you have enough distance for a sudden stop.
• In bad weather, the three seconds should be increased
several times to give an extra margin of safety.
KEEP A SPACE CUSHION
To avoid a collision, you need time to react to danger. Try
to keep plenty of space between your car and others on all
sides. Stay in the middle of your lane and always make sure
there is enough room ahead to stop or pass safely. If a car
follows too closely, slow down and let it pass.
PARKING
When parking on a public road, you must park parallel to and
within 18 inches of the curb or edge of the roadway, facing
in the same direction as traffic on your side of the road. Set
the parking brake (only if the car is left running) and, if you
have an automatic transmission, shift to park; if you have a
manual transmission, leave the car in gear. Remove the keys
and secure your car.
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PARKING ON A HILL OR INCLINE
To keep your vehicle from
rolling into traffic when parked
on a hill, turn your front
wheels (1) sharply toward
and against the curb or edge
of the road if you are facing
downhill, or (2) if you are
facing uphill, turn your wheels
sharply away and against the
curb (if there is no curb, turn
the wheels sharply toward the
edge of the road).
NO-PARKING ZONES
Parking is not allowed:
• In bike lanes
• On sidewalks
• On the street side of any parked vehicle.
(This is known as “double parking”)
• In intersections
• Within 50 feet of railroad tracks
• On bridges or overpasses
• In front of a driveway
• Within 15 feet of a fire hydrant
• Within 20 feet of a crosswalk
• Within 30 feet of a stop sign, yield sign, or traffic signal
• Within 20 feet of a fire station driveway
• On any controlled-access highway (freeway)
• Where prohibited by signs or a red-painted curb
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HANDICAPPED PARKING
The symbol shown here indicates parking
spaces reserved for handicapped persons.
Vehicles displaying this symbol on their
license plate or a special card may park in
handicapped spaces. Non-handicapped
drivers are prohibited from parking in such
spaces and may be fined for violations. A
handicapped person may park automobiles displaying the
handicapped symbol in reserved parking spaces without
paying and for unlimited time.
BACKING
Backing requires extra caution because it is difficult for drivers
to see behind their vehicles. Here are some rules you should
follow whenever you have to back up:
• Check behind the vehicle before you get in. Children or
small objects are hard to see from the driver’s seat.
• Put your right arm on the back of the passenger seat and
look over your shoulder directly through the rear window.
Don’t rely on your mirrors.
• Back slowly. Your vehicle is more difficult to control while
backing. Continue looking back until you come to a
complete stop.
Whenever possible, avoid backing up in traffic. If you have
passed your exit on an interstate, never back or try to turn
around; go on to the next exit.
Backing is always prohibited on freeways, expressways, and
other controlled-access highways, including the shoulder.
Elsewhere, backing is prohibited unless it can be done safely
and without interfering with other traffic.
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FREEWAY DRIVING
Freeways, interstates, expressways, and toll roads offer fast
and efficient routes of travel. They’re usually safer than other
kinds of roads because they have one-way traffic, a limited
number of entrances, and other special safety features.
However, they can encourage boredom and fatigue that the
driver must guard against. Where designated and as weather
conditions permit, vehicles may travel at speeds up to 80 miles
per hour on rural interstates (70 for heavy trucks), and up to
65 on urban interstate highways, unless otherwise posted. At
these speeds, a single error can be disastrous.
TRAVEL PLANS
Before starting a long freeway trip, make yourself a travel
plan. Plan for food, rest, and fuel stops. On short trips, know
the name, route, entrance, and exit numbers. Let someone
know your travel plans, your route of travel, the length of time
you will be gone and when to expect you back.
ENTERING A FREEWAY
Freeway entrances usually have three basic parts: an entrance
ramp, an acceleration lane, and a merging area.
While on the entrance ramp you have a chance to observe
traffic conditions on the freeway. The ramp will straighten out
into the acceleration lane where you should accelerate to the
speed of freeway traffic. In the merging area, you must blend
into the flow of traffic on the freeway’s outside lane.
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Follow these procedures:
• Before you enter the ramp, make sure it’s the one
you want. If you enter the wrong entrance by mistake,
never try to back up or turn around through the
median. Freeway median crossovers are for highway
maintenance or emergency vehicle use only; it is illegal
for any other vehicles to use them.
• If you need to get off the freeway or change directions,
wait until the next exit to do so.
• Once on the ramp, check traffic around you and on the
freeway. Signal and begin looking over your left shoulder
for a gap in the traffic large enough for your vehicle to fit
into without crowding anyone.
• As the ramp straightens, accelerate to the speed of the
freeway traffic so you can blend in smoothly. Remember,
you must yield to the traffic already on the highway.
• Once you’re traveling at the speed of traffic, you can
make a simple lane change, merge with the flow of
vehicles, and turn off your turn signal.
POSSIBLE ENTRANCE PROBLEMS
The suggestions above were written with an ideal freeway
entrance in mind. On older freeway entrances or freeways built
with limited space, the ramp, acceleration lane, or merging
area may be shorter than normal. In such places, or when
traffic is heavy, you may have to take extra precautions.
For example, in heavy traffic, gaps are hard to find. If there’s
no opening, you may have to slow down before reaching the
end of the acceleration lane.
Sometimes a short acceleration lane combined with heavy
traffic will force you to stop. When that happens, be sure to
leave enough room ahead so you can accelerate up to the
speed of freeway traffic as you merge. Wait until there is a gap
large enough for you to reach cruising speed without
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interfering with oncoming vehicles. Then signal your entrance
and accelerate as rapidly as you can to blend in with the traffic
flow.
DON’T DRIVE TOO FAST OR SLOW
Once on the freeway, you should maintain a steady speed
and keep up with the flow of traffic. Where designated and as
weather conditions permit, vehicles may travel up to 80 miles
per hour on rural interstate highways and 65 on urban interstates
highways, unless otherwise posted. A minimum speed may also
be posted. If you can’t or don’t want to drive at the posted speed
on a freeway, choose another kind of road to travel.
CHANGING LANES
Most of the time you should drive in the far right or center lane of
the freeway. The left lane is for higher-speed traffic and passing.
During rush hours, you should avoid the right lane to allow room
for drivers entering the freeway. Always signal for at least five
seconds before making a lane change or exiting a freeway.
Median Strip: It’s illegal to drive across a barrier or unpaved strip
that separates two halves of a roadway, except at an authorized
opening or crossover. This is not allowed on interstate highways
(freeways); crossovers are for emergency vehicles only.
LEAVING THE FREEWAY
Getting off a freeway can be a simple maneuver if you know
which exit to take and follow the signs marking the lane for that
exit.
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Follow these procedures:
• If you are not already in the correct lane, about a half mile
before the exit, signal and move into the lane nearest
the exit. Signal, then move into the deceleration lane
provided to let you slow down without interrupting the
flow of traffic.
• An exit speed may be posted. Adjust your speed
accordingly as you drive through the ramp.
• As you leave the ramp and enter another thoroughfare,
you may be driving in more complicated, dangerous
traffic than on the freeway. Be alert and adjust to the new
conditions and slower speeds.
THE DRIVING TASK
When you slide behind the wheel of a motor vehicle, you take
responsibility for the lives of people around you. To be a safe
driver, you must know the rules of the road and respect them.
You must also know and follow proper driving procedures.
Just as importantly, you must have a good attitude. Courtesy
and consideration are essential to good driving.
Professional drivers will tell you it takes more than basic skills to
make a good driver. After mastering those skills, a driver must
still learn the fine points of good driving, including the mental
and physical conditions that affect performance on the road.
Driver error causes more than 90% of highway crashes. Your
ability to drive safely depends not only on what you know, but
how you feel and what you were doing before you sat behind
the wheel.
Most important, be patient. Try not to let heavy traffic get on
your nerves. Never change your mind at the last minute or
act too quickly. Don’t rely on warnings or signals from other
drivers. Depend on your own alertness, not theirs.
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Developing good driving habits is as easy as falling into bad
ones. Start out by establishing sound habits, and you can drive
safely all your life. Below are some tips on how to cultivate a
safe-driving routine.
STARTING OUT
Before you get into your vehicle, always look in front and back
of it to see if there is a child or obstacle you might run over.
Once inside, take a moment to get ready for driving. Adjust
your seat and mirrors, buckle your safety belt, and check to
see that passengers are properly seated and buckled, so they
won’t interfere with your driving.
Develop a routine for starting your car, too. With the hand
brake set, ensure the vehicle is in park or neutral and start the
engine. Holding the foot brake (and clutch if you have one),
shift to the proper gear. Then release the parking brake and
prepare to pull out.
There is an important, five-step procedure to follow when you
start from the curb, pull into a parking space or change lanes.
Always:
1. Check mirrors.
2. Signal for the required five seconds or 100 feet before
moving your vehicle.
3. Glance over your shoulder in the direction you’re going to
move.
4. When it is safe to do so, make your move gradually and
smoothly.
5. Cancel the turn signal.
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YOUR MOOD AFFECTS YOUR DRIVING
You should be aware of how getting behind the wheel can
affect your behavior. Taking control of the power and speed of
a car often reveals a person’s character. To drive safely, you
must find the maturity to share the road and help your fellow
travelers.
If you’re worried or distracted, you can’t count on being alert
enough to drive safely. Quarrels, misunderstandings, financial
problems, illness in the family, personal fears, or over-
confidence make you far more likely to have a crash. If you’re
upset, let someone else drive.
Concentration is vital to safe driving. The driver’s seat is no place
for daydreaming, window shopping, intense conversation, or
looking at scenery. There have been too many crashes after
which the surviving driver said, “I don’t know what happened.”
WATCH FOR PROBLEM DRIVERS
Give a lot of room to drivers who may not see you. These
include:
• Drivers entering from intersections or driveways where
the view is blocked by buildings, fences, trees, or other
cars
• Drivers backing out of driveways or parking spaces
• Drivers whose windows are covered with ice or snow
Allow extra room for people who may be distracted by
something they’re doing. For example:
• Delivery and construction workers
• Children playing
• Drivers who are talking, tending children, or are otherwise
distracted
• Tourists trying to figure out a complicated intersection
• Drivers looking for a house number.
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.
Sometimes, you must also give extra room to a driver who
gets in trouble. If other drivers make mistakes, help them
out. Watch out for:
• Drivers who pass as you approach a curve, hill, or an
oncoming car. Slow down and let them back into your
lane quickly.
• Make room for any driver who is about to be forced into
your lane by a car, pedestrian, bicyclist, obstacle, or a
reduction in the number of lanes.
DEFENSIVE DRIVING
Most crashes are caused by driver error. Be prepared
to react promptly to emergencies by driving with both
hands placed on opposite sides of the steering wheel at
approximately the nine o’clock and three o’clock positions.
Check your owner’s manual for proper hand-placement if
your vehicle is equipped with airbags.
You can reduce your chances of crashing by knowing and
using the standard crash prevention formula:
Scanning: To be a defensive
driver, you have to see what
is going on. Avoid a fixed,
straight-ahead stare that may
let you drift off in daydreams.
Keep your eyes moving and
learn to read the road.
Look Ahead: Good drivers keep an eye on what’s happening
about ten to 15 seconds ahead. That’s about a block in city
driving. By doing this, you’ll avoid the kind of last minute lane
changes, turns, and stops that often cause crashes.
Look to The Sides: As you approach any place where other
cars, people or animals may cross your path, look to both
sides. Don’t rely on traffic lights or stop signs. Always watch
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out for other drivers, they may run the light.
Look Behind: Check the traffic behind you frequently (several
times a minute) so you’ll know if somebody is tailgating,
coming up too fast or trying to pass. Most rear-end collisions
are caused by vehicles following too closely.
Blind Spots: These are
areas near the left and right
rear corners of your vehicle
that are not visible in your
mirrors (see below). If your
vehicle does not have a right-
side view mirror, the right
blind spot will be larger than the one on the left. Never rely on
your mirrors alone. Before you make any move to the side,
quickly turn your head to see if your blind spot is clear. Also,
avoid driving in someone else’s blind spot. It’s as important for
other drivers to see you as for you to see them.
Identify: Scan the road ahead for potential hazards such as
a vehicle, pedestrian, animal, or situation that could force you
to slow down, speed up, or turn.
Predict: After spotting a potential hazard, predict what will
happen; it’s safest to predict the worst. For example, if you
see children playing on a street corner, prepare for one of
them to run in front of you.
Decide What To Do: The key to defensive driving is making
a sound decision ahead of time rather than reacting to danger
at the last second.
Execute: The final step is to execute your decision in a
smooth, predictable manner in time to avoid a crash.
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DISTRACTED DRIVING
If you do not give your full attention to driving a vehicle, bad
things can happen very quickly. Seeing and reacting safely to
sudden changes can keep you from being in a crash. To drive
safely, you must pay full attention at all times. That will give
you enough time to react. People’s lives are in your hands.
THINGS THAT CAN DISTRACT YOUR
ATTENTION
Anything that draws your attention away from the road can
distract you. Distractions like the ones below can cause
crashes:
• Texting or talking on phone
• Eating
• Reading or writing
• Changing the radio station or lighting a
cigarette
• Applying makeup or shaving
• Looking for things inside your vehicle
• Dealing with children or pets
If something distracts you, even for a few seconds, you may
not see a hazard that can cause a crash. Think how quickly a
small child can run into your traffic lane from between parked
cars. Think how fast a bicycle rider can zoom into your path.
They need you to see them before it is too late. Think how
quickly the car in front of you could brake and you run into
them.
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WAYS TO KEEP FROM GETTING
DISTRACTED
• Pre-set your favorite radio stations before you begin to
drive.
• Load your tapes or CDs before you begin to drive.
• Keep the stereo volume low enough so that you can still
hear things outside your car. You must be able to hear
emergency sirens, car horns, screeching tires, and other
sounds outside your car. They can alert you to danger
and keep you from getting in a crash.
• Have someone in the front seat act as your co-pilot. They
can look at a phone or maps and tell you where to turn
or what to look for ahead. If you are driving alone, make
sure you know the route you want to drive “before” you
get in the car.
• Do not eat while driving.
• Teach children to behave well while in a car. It’s hard to
pay attention to the road while tending to children.
• Place pets in a pet carrier to make sure they do not
cause problems while you are driving.
If you are lost in thought and not paying attention, pull the
car to the side of the road and stop. Taking a short break can
make your drive safer and much more enjoyable. This is the
reason rest areas are placed along highways.
CELL PHONES
In Idaho, reading, writing, or sending of written communication
(text messaging) while driving is illegal and considered an
infraction. It does not apply to hands-free devices without the
use of either hand. A ticket resulting in a conviction of this law
will not result in points on a driver’s record. It will result in a fine,
but will only be considered a moving violation when the driver
is in operation of a commercial motor vehicle. Many crashes
are caused by people who try to text or dial cell phones while
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driving. Texting while driving is six times more dangerous than
driving impaired. If you must use a cell phone, park in a safe
place before making the call or engaging in text messaging.
FATIGUE & HIGHWAY HYPNOSIS
Stop driving when you feel drowsy. Pull off the highway at the
first rest stop or service area. If you’re feeling drowsy, get off
the road and take a nap. Drowsiness is one of the greatest
killers in interstate highway driving. Don’t rely on “stay awake”
drugs or energy drinks. They can make your driving even more
dangerous. On long trips, exercise your eyes as you drive.
Freeway drivers often suffer highway hypnosis, drowsiness
brought on by monotony and the drone of wind and tires. Keep
shifting your eyes from one area of the roadway to another
and focus them on various objects near and far, left and right.
UNATTENDED VEHICLES
Unattended vehicles on the traveled portion of a highway at
any time create a potential danger to public safety and are
subject to immediate removal (towing). Unattended vehicles
that are off the traveled portion but are on the paved portion
of a highway create a potential danger to public safety during
darkness (especially if the vehicle has no lights on or lit
warning devices nearby). Vehicles, if left unattended, must
be removed prior to darkness or be subject to towing at the
owner’s expense.
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ALIVE AT 25
Alive at 25 is a defensive driving course offered for those who
are 15 through 24 years old. Law enforcement presents traffic
safety strategies for young drivers who are over-represented
in crash statistics, emphasizing responsible choices and
decision-making while driving or riding as a passenger. To
register for a course, visit www.aliveat25.us.
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SHARING THE ROAD
At times, the experience of having a mix of cars, trucks,
motorcycles, bicyclists, and pedestrians using the roadway
complicates driving and increases hazards for everyone.
The key to minimizing these hazards is being courteous and
respectful of the rights of others and maintaining a heightened
awareness of potential problems. Caution and awareness on
your part may prevent serious injuries or death.
EMERGENCY VEHICLES
When being approached by an emergency or police vehicle
sounding a siren or flashing red or blue lights, you must
immediately pull to the nearest curb or the edge on the right
side of the roadway and stop. Remain stopped until the
emergency vehicle has passed ahead of you.
When you are approaching an emergency or police vehicle
that is stopped with lights flashing or a tow truck or incident
response vehicle, you are required to immediately reduce your
speed below the posted speed limit and proceed with caution.
If you are traveling on a road with two or more lanes traveling
in the same direction, you are also required to change lanes
into a lane that is not adjacent to the emergency vehicle, as
soon as possible, if it is safe to do so.
PEDESTRIANS
Vehicle-pedestrian collisions account for a significant number
of traffic deaths. When driving a motor vehicle, you must be
aware of pedestrian activity, particularly in residential areas,
near schools, school crossings, trail crossings, parking lots,
intersections, crosswalks, bus stops, playgrounds, and parks.
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Always use extreme caution when driving in areas where
there may be pedestrians, as they may walk in front of your
vehicle unexpectedly.
Motor vehicles must yield to pedestrians when:
• The pedestrian is in a marked or unmarked crosswalk at
an intersection.
• The motor vehicle is entering a street from an alley or
driveway.
• The pedestrian is carrying a clearly visible white cane or
accompanied by a service dog.
Pedestrians must yield to motor vehicles when:
• The pedestrian is crossing a street where there is no
crosswalk or intersection.
• The pedestrian is directed to do so by a traffic signal at
an intersection or crosswalk.
As a motorist, you must be alert for pedestrians who may
unexpectedly crossing the street in front of you. Here are
some examples to be aware of:
• A pedestrian is crossing where there is no painted
crosswalk. You must stop and let them finish crossing,
even if you technically have the right-of-way.
• You are waiting at a red light when a pedestrian steps
into the crosswalk right before the light turns green. You
must wait for the pedestrian to cross before proceeding.
• You are approaching an intersection on a street with two
lanes going in the same direction. One vehicle in the right
lane has stopped for a pedestrian to cross. You are in the
left lane. DO NOT pass the other vehicle. You must wait
for the pedestrian to cross and then be sure it is safe to
proceed.
• You see some children playing or walking near the street,
or you are in an area where children are likely to be
(schools, neighborhoods, playgrounds, etc.). Slow down
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and be prepared for them to unexpectedly run into the
street.
• When driving at night, or when visibility is reduced due to
rain, snow, fog or sun glare, realize that it will be difficult
to see pedestrians entering the street. Exercise extreme
caution in these conditions.
Many studies have shown that when pedestrians are hit by a
motor vehicle, the rate of fatalities increases dramatically with
an increase in the speed of a motor vehicle. Reducing your
speed and watching carefully for pedestrians saves lives.
CHILDREN AT PLAY
Take extra care when driving in residential areas, school
zones, and at times and places where children are likely to be
found near the roadway. Before getting into your vehicle, walk
around it to be sure no children are playing near it whom you
may not be able to see from the driver’s seat.
When backing out of a driveway, watch for children who may
run behind your vehicle. Be alert when vehicles are parked
along the roadway. Darting into traffic from between or around
a parked car is a common cause of serious injury to children.
They are often too short to be seen easily when playing near
parked cars, so use extra caution when you see any children
near the roadway. They may have an unseen playmate who
cannot see you either.
HORSEBACK RIDERS
People riding horses are allowed to use most public roads.
They also have the same rights as motor vehicle drivers and
must obey the same rules.
When approaching someone riding a horse, take care to avoid
frightening the animal—slow down and allow plenty of room
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when passing. Never sound your horn because you may
frighten the horse and cause an accident. If you encounter
a rider who is having difficulty controlling an animal, be sure
to use extreme caution when going around them. Stop if
necessary to prevent becoming part of the hazard.
BICYCLISTS
Every year, the number of bicyclists increases on Idaho
roadways. Cycling has become an important means of
transportation as well as recreation.
Bicyclists are legally allowed to ride on all Idaho roadways
and have the same rights as drivers, and are required to ride
with the flow of traffic. They must ride as close to the right-
hand curb or edge of the roadway as safety allows, except
when passing, turning left, avoiding an obstacle, or when the
roadway does not allow a bicycle and motor vehicle to travel
safely side by side.
To increase the safety margin when passing a bicyclist, move into
the left lane if possible. If you are not able to change lanes, pass
with as much clearance as possible. A safe margin is at least
three (3) feet. This may require waiting for a break in oncoming
traffic. When passing children on bicycles, slow down and be
aware that they may unpredictably swerve into your lane.
In Idaho, bicyclists do not need to come to a complete stop
at stop signs. They must, however, yield to the right-of-way of
vehicles in, or already at, the intersection (or close enough to
constitute a potential hazard), and then proceed with caution
through the intersection.
Bicyclists may proceed with caution through a red light after
stopping and yielding the right-of-way to vehicles already in
the intersection (or close enough to constitute a potential
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hazard). They do not need to come to a complete stop when
turning right on a red light. However, they must yield the right-
of-way to vehicles already in the intersection (or close enough
to constitute a potential hazard).
Bicyclists are relatively unprotected compared to motor
vehicle drivers and most collisions result in injury to the
cyclist. Therefore, motor vehicle drivers should be alert and
use extreme caution when encountering them.
The wide variety of road users requires drivers to always
be alert. Taking your eyes off the road for just a second or
briefly ignoring safe driving practices can result in a tragedy.
Safely “sharing the road” with bicyclists requires cooperation,
patience, and understanding.
Right Turns When Stopped: When stopped, never look only
to the left before turning right. Always look left, right and to the
rear, checking the right first. A bicyclist riding against traffic
or on the sidewalk may be approaching on your right. Also, a
bicyclist may be pulled up alongside to turn right. A crash is
easily preventable if you look in all directions before turning.
Right Turns When Moving: If you are preparing for a right
turn and a bicyclist is ahead of you, do not assume that you
can beat the bicyclist to the turn. Misjudgment can result in
a broadside crash called the “right hook.” Avoid right-hook
crashes by slowing and remaining behind the bicyclist until
they ride past the point where you will turn. On streets with
bike lanes, remember that you are turning across a dedicated
travel lane. Always look for and expect bicyclists.
Intersections: When proceeding through or turning at an
intersection, always scan the corners of the intersection more
than once. An approaching bicyclist can easily travel 50 to
100 feet in a few seconds, so what you saw on your first look
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may change. Looking one last time before proceeding is a
good safety practice.
Dashed Bike Lane Lines: Dashed lines indicate a merging
movement is allowed and expected. Check for bicyclists first.
When turning right at an intersection, you may occupy the
bike lane in the dashed line area. This prevents bicyclists from
approaching along your right side and forces them to blend
into the lane of traffic that will best suit their intentions when
going through the intersection.
Sidewalks: Bicyclists can legally ride on sidewalks in most
communities, although there is no legal requirement to use
them. Young children usually ride on the sidewalk, so be
extremely cautious when pulling in or out of a driveway.
Children: Be aware that children riding along the street
often change direction unexpectedly, so pass them with extra
caution and distance.
Being in a Hurry: Never rush a turn or squeeze past a bicyclist
just to beat traffic or a traffic light.
Be Patient: The design of some streets and highways requires
that, for safety, bicyclists must occupy the travel lane by riding
in the center, not to the right. Do not follow too closely to the
bicyclist. These are usually brief stretches of narrow roadway
where it is unsafe for a driver to pass a bicyclist.
Expect Bicyclists: Bicyclists are not as noticeable as motor
vehicles. Their position on the road, smaller size, and slower
speed, requires drivers to consciously look for them. Always
drive with the expectation that bicyclists are on the road.
Passing Distance: A typical 12-foot-wide travel lane is not
wide enough to safely share with a bicyclist. Cycling instructors
and riding manuals teach bicyclists to ride at least three (3)
100
feet from the edge of pavement to avoid accumulated edge
debris and have enough space to the right, away from traffic, for
an emergency maneuver. Three (3) feet is the minimum passing
space that drivers should leave when passing a bicyclist. Higher
speeds require more passing space. Always wait until you can
see oncoming traffic and then safely pass by moving partially or
fully into the other lane. This delay is usually brief.
Communication: If you want to make sure a bicyclist sees
you, wave a hand or nod your head, and wait for the bicyclist’s
reaction.
Honking: Never honk when close to a bicyclist; it may startle
the bicyclist and cause an unexpected reaction.
Parallel Parking: Ensure a bicyclist is not approaching
before opening the driver’s door. When you are about to exit
the car, reach across your body for the door handle with your
opposite hand. This forces you to turn toward the side view
mirror and look over your shoulder to be sure a bicyclist is not
coming. This maneuver will help avoid the most common type
of accident involving bicyclists.
Be Predictable: Road safety depends upon predictability.
Always use your turn signal. Bicyclists and other drivers will
appreciate knowing your intent to turn or change lanes.
Bike Lanes: Parking in bike lanes is not allowed. These are
designated travel lanes for bicyclists and should not be blocked.
Sharrows: A shared-lane marking or “sharrow” is a street
marking placed in the travel lane to indicate where people
should preferably cycle.
A shared-lane marking is used to:
• Assist bicyclists with lateral positioning in a shared lane
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with on-street parallel parking in order to reduce the chance
of a bicyclist impacting the open door of a parked vehicle.
• Assist bicyclists with lateral positioning in lanes that are
too narrow for a motor vehicle and a bicycle to travel side
by side within the same traffic lane
• Alert road users of the lateral location bicyclists are likely
to occupy within the traveled way
• Encourage safe passing of bicyclists by drivers
• Reduce the incidence of wrong-way bicycling
The Bicycles May Use Full Lane sign may be used in addition
to, or instead of, the shared lane markings.
Bicycle Publications
Bicycle use, whether for recreation or transportation, can be
enjoyable and safe if you know and follow the basic rules of
the road and understand sharing the road with motor vehicles.
Bicycle commuting is easy, but it may require some small
adjustments to your daily routine.
For information, or to order copies of publications, go to
itd.idaho.gov > Travel > Pedestrian/Bike, or email them at
ITDBikePed@itd.idaho.gov. You can also obtain copies at
your county driver’s license office.
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MOTORCYCLES
Motorcyclists have the same rights and responsibilities as
other highway users, and they must obey the same traffic
laws.
Motorcycles are smaller and harder to see than cars. They’re
easily hidden in a car’s blind spot. Because it may be hard to
judge the distance to motorcycles, or to tell how fast they are
moving, be alert to their presence and be extra cautious.
Approximately one-half of all motorcycle crashes involve
another motor vehicle, so it is important to practice safe driving
in order to help avoid collisions. Here are some situations that
call for special attention when motorcycles are around:
• Left Turns: Cars turning left in front of an oncoming
motorcycle cause serious motor vehicle crashes. Drivers
may fail to see a motorcycle rider in the traffic scene.
Or a driver may fail to judge the speed of an oncoming
motorcycle. As a driver, the correct precaution is for
you to look and then look again. Make sure you see the
motorcycle and know its speed before you make a left-
turn.
• Turn Signals: Most motorcycles do not have turn signals
that turn off automatically. At times, motorcycle riders
may forget to switch the signal off. Before you make a
turn in front of a motorcycle with a signal flashing, be sure
the motorcycle is turning and not continuing straight into
your path.
• Lanes: Motorcycles are entitled to the same full-lane
width as all other motor vehicles. Good motorcycle riders
are constantly changing positions within the lane so they
can see and be seen, and to avoid objects in the road.
Never move into the same lane alongside a motorcycle,
even if the lane is wide and the motorcycle rider is riding
far to one side. 103
• Bad Weather: Weather conditions and slippery surfaces
can be serious problems for motorcycles. Allow even
more following room when it’s raining, or the road surface
is slick.
• Road Surface: Unusual road surfaces and irregularities
on the road that may not affect other vehicles may create
problems for motorcycles. Gravel, debris, pavement
seams, small animals, and even manhole covers may
force a motorcycle rider to change speed or direction.
• Visibility: Always make a visual check for motorcycles
by checking mirrors and blind spots before entering or
leaving a lane of traffic or an intersection. Motorcycle
riders are often hidden in a vehicle’s blind spot or missed
in a quick look, due to their smaller size. Always use
turn signals and brake lights to signal your intentions for
turning, changing lanes, merging, slowing and stopping.
This allows the motorcycle rider to anticipate traffic flow
and find a safe lane position. Allow more than three (3)
seconds following distance between your vehicle and
the motorcycle. This allows you and the motorcycle rider
enough time to maneuver or stop in an emergency.
LARGE VEHICLES
Safely sharing the road with large trucks and buses requires
knowledge of their special limitations. Generally speaking, the
larger they are:
• The larger their blind spots
• The more room they need to turn or change lanes
• The longer it takes them to stop
• The longer it takes them to pass
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When you are near large vehicles on the road, pay special
attention to the following:
• Snowplows: Use extra caution when you encounter
snow removal equipment; snowplow blades force snow
up and off the road, potentially causing blizzard-like
conditions and reduced visibility for drivers following too
closely.
• Blind Spots: Stay out of blind spots. If you are following
a large vehicle and you are unable to see the driver’s
mirrors, then the driver cannot see you. There are blind
spots behind and on each side of large vehicles. Avoid
driving alongside large vehicles for prolonged periods.
• Visibility: Large vehicles can block your vision of the
road ahead. When following large vehicles, adjust your
following distance, so you can see most of the roadway
ahead.
• Passing: When cars cut in too soon after passing, then
quickly slow down, drivers of large vehicles are forced to
react with little time or room to spare. Because it takes
longer to pass a large vehicle, you should keep a steady
speed when passing and be sure you can see the cab of
the large vehicle in your rear-view mirror before merging
back into the lane.
• Speeding Up and Stopping: Large vehicles are unable
to gain speed or stop as quickly as smaller vehicles. For
example, it takes a loaded truck with properly adjusted
brakes 450 feet to come to a complete stop when
traveling 55 miles per hour on a dry road. Allow extra
space for large vehicles to speed up or stop. The drivers
of these vehicles adjust the space between their vehicle
and the vehicles ahead to allow for a safe following
distance. When passing them, be sure to allow for this
increased safety zone when returning to your lane of
travel.
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• Turning Space: When making sharp turns, large
vehicles sometimes require more than one lane to
complete the turn. Be sure to allow enough room for
these vehicles to safely complete their turns. When
turning right, these drivers may angle into the left lane,
so they can make the right turn without running over the
curb or hitting something. Do not try to squeeze by on the
right side when a large vehicle is making this type of turn.
It is a frequent cause of crashes involving large vehicles.
• Hazardous Materials: Be extra cautious near vehicles
carrying hazardous materials. These vehicles will be
placarded to identify what they are carrying. All vehicles
carrying hazardous materials must stop at all railroad
crossings, so be prepared to stop if you are following
one.
• Long, Steep Grades: When traveling up or down steep
grades, large vehicles travel slowly. On four-lane roads,
they will use the right lane. Be prepared to encounter
slow vehicles in the right lane, and do not park in or near
“escape” or “runaway” ramps. These ramps should only
be used to stop vehicles whose brakes have failed.
• Large Loads with Pilot Vehicles: When trucks with
large loads reach certain dimensions, they are required
to have one or more pilot vehicles, which are specially-
marked vehicles with amber lights that warn oncoming
and following traffic of the large load. They also help the
large loads navigate bridges, curves, and other hazards.
When you encounter an oncoming pilot vehicle, reduce
your speed and position your vehicle as far to the right as
possible. If you are following a pilot vehicle, increase your
following distance. Be very cautious when passing a pilot
vehicle or the large load.
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IDAHO’S 511 TRAVELER SERVICES
For travel information, dial “511” or go to
511.idaho.gov for up-to-date information
on:
• Emergency road closures
• Highway roadwork projects
• Tourism
• Traffic incidents and delays
• Weather-related road conditions
If your phone company does not support 511, call 1-888-IDA-
ROAD (1-888-432-7623) to access the 511 system.
MOUNTAIN DRIVING
When driving in the mountains, you should:
• Pay special attention to speed limit signs and signs
warning of curves, steep hills, or other hazards.
• Stay close to the right edge of the road, away from
oncoming traffic.
• Use a lower gear to control speeds while going down
long hills.
• Never coast downhill by shifting into neutral or
disengaging the clutch.
• Watch for a solid yellow line in your lane, marking a no-
passing zone.
• Sound the horn when approaching any curve on a narrow
road where the view is obstructed.
WILDLIFE AREAS
When you see a small animal in the road, think of your own
safety. Don’t try to dodge it unless you are sure it is safe to do
so. Big game animals, such as moose, elk, and deer, can cause
severe damage to a vehicle. When you see a large animal on
or near the road, slow down and proceed with caution. These
are herd animals, and others are usually nearby.
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Animals can move into the path of a vehicle so quickly that it’s
impossible to slow down enough to safely avoid hitting them.
In this case, you must consider running over it as the safest
alternative, even though the crash may damage your vehicle
and will likely kill the animal. Concentrate on keeping control
of the vehicle before, during, and after the collision.
Driving conditions change with the weather, light, and terrain.
Study the following suggestions so you can react quickly and
properly when the driving conditions change.
OPEN RANGE
Horses, cattle, sheep, goats, and other livestock under
controlled movement over a highway or road have the right-
of-way in Idaho. When you meet or overtake any livestock
herds, be careful and cooperate with the workers in charge.
Drivers must be alert for animals grazing unattended on “open
range,” which means almost all areas outside of city limits
and herd districts upon which livestock by custom, license,
lease, or permit, are grazed or permitted to roam. The
presence of fences does not necessarily mean that animals
are not present or do not have the right-of-way. Be especially
careful driving at night. If you strike and injure or kill livestock
or domestic animals that are on the open range or under
controlled movement, the owner of the animal(s) is not liable
for damages to you or your vehicle. You may be liable for the
injuries or death of the animal if you are found to have been
negligent.
NIGHT DRIVING
About 90% of driving choices are based on what you see. At
night, your vision is reduced. To make sure you have time to
react to danger, always drive slowly enough so you can stop
within the distance you can see ahead. This distance is about
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350 feet when using the high beams of your headlights and
about 100 feet when using the low beams.
To make your night driving safer:
• Increase the following distance between your vehicle and
the one in front of you.
• Turn on your headlights (not just your parking lights)
when driving between sunset and sunrise, or when
visibility has been reduced to below 500 feet. The gray
hours of twilight and dawn are the most dangerous
times of the day.
• Watch for slow-moving or unlighted vehicles,
bicyclists, pedestrians, and animals.
• Allow more distance and time for passing.
• Don’t drive or keep driving if you’re tired.
• Never wear sunglasses when light levels are low.
• Keep your windshield clean, both inside and out.
• Keep your headlights clean. Dirt will dim their light and
may distort the beam.
• Avoid looking into the headlights of oncoming vehicles.
Instead, shift your eyes down to the lower right side of
your traffic lane. This keeps the light from hitting your
eyes directly.
• Dim your headlights to low beam when approaching or
following another vehicle or on lighted roads.
• If you must park on a highway shoulder at night, turn on
your emergency flashers or parking lights.
SNOW REMOVAL EQUIPMENT
Use extra caution when encountering snow removal
equipment; snowplow blades force snow up and off the road,
potentially causing blizzard-like conditions and reduced
visibility for drivers following too closely.
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Use caution when driving in winter conditions, and cooperate
with highway workers clearing the roads. Drivers should follow
these tips for safe winter driving:
• Remain two car lengths behind snowplow trucks for every
10 miles per hour you drive. Sand being spread by trucks
can damage your vehicle.
• Do not pass a snowplow unless it is absolutely necessary.
• If you must pass, do so only when you can clearly see
the road ahead. Do not pass on the side where the plow
is spraying snow. If you do, the snow’s force can knock
your car out of control.
• Do not cut back immediately in front of a snowplow truck.
The plow blades are often covered with snow and can be
difficult to see.
• Do not brake suddenly if you are traveling in front of a
snowplow. The heavy vehicle cannot stop as quickly as
your automobile.
• Do not abandon your car unless it is absolutely
necessary. If you must, leave it as far off the road as
possible. Abandoned cars can interfere with the road
clearing process and can be extremely hazardous to
snow removal equipment and the operators, if they are
hidden or buried by snow.
FOG, SMOKE, DUST, OR RAIN
You are required to turn on your headlights in the daytime
when vision is reduced to 500 feet or less. Low beams are
best at such times. When you first turn on your headlights, be
sure they are adjusted to low beams.
It is safest not to drive in fog, dust storms, or in heavy rain. If
you must drive during these conditions, reduce your speed.
For safety reasons, you should not use cruise control if the
road is wet and/or icy. Slow down more when you see red
taillights ahead. The vehicle may be stopped or creeping along.
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If conditions get too bad, pull off the road and stop. Don’t
creep along; somebody else may crash into you. Also avoid
using your emergency flashers while moving—other drivers
may think you’ve stopped.
RAIN & HYDROPLANING
Wet roads can be as dangerous as icy roads. Always reduce
your speed in wet weather. You’ll need more distance for
stopping and you may skid on quick turns.
Remember, roads are more dangerous at the start of a light rain
when road oil and water mix to form a greasy film on the road.
At speeds up to 35 miles per hour, most tires grip the road
surface even when it’s wet. As speed increases, the tires can’t
grip the road as well. At 55 miles per hour, the tires may lose
all contact with the road. They start to “hydroplane” or ride
on top of a film of water like a set of water skis. When that
happens, you can’t brake, accelerate or turn. A gust of wind, a
curve or even a lane change can cause a skid.
To reduce the chances of hydroplaning, you should:
• Slow down during rainstorms or when roads are slushy.
• Slow down if the road has standing water or puddles.
• Replace tires as soon as they become worn.
• Keep tires properly inflated.
If you are about to drive over a slippery area or you think your
car has started to hydroplane:
• Maintain a steady speed and keep moving in a straight line.
• Slowly take your foot off the gas pedal.
• Don’t try to stop or turn quickly until your tires are
gripping the road again.
• If you have to use your brakes, pump them gently (unless
your car has an anti-lock braking system [ABS]).
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FLASH FLOODS
Flash floods are caused by intense rain that falls in a short
amount of time. Idaho averages seven flash floods a year,
and they generally occur during or right after a severe
thunderstorm.
In some cases, small streams a few feet wide by a few inches
deep can swell to over 12 inches deep and 80 feet wide in
less than five minutes. As little as six inches of fast moving
water can knock you off your feet. Fast-moving water two feet
deep can wash away a vehicle and reach the bottom of most
passenger cars and cause loss of control or stalling.
If the National Weather Service issues a Flash Flood Warning,
or you observe water rising quickly, you should take action
immediately.
• DO NOT DRIVE through flooded areas. If you see a
flooded roadway ahead, turn around and find another
route to your destination.
• Get far away from areas subject to flooding (dips, low
spots, canyons, dry creek beds, or along a stream). Seek
higher, safer ground.
• Avoid areas near rivers or streams and areas that are
already flooded. Roads that are underwater may no
longer be intact. NEVER drive through flooded roadways.
• If your vehicle stalls, leave it immediately and seek higher
ground. Rapidly rising water may engulf the vehicle and
sweep it away.
• Be very careful at night when it is harder to see flood
dangers.
• Do not park your vehicle or camp along streams or dry
stream beds during threatening conditions.
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WINTER DRIVING
Winter driving calls for special skills. On slippery roads, the
keys to safety are slower speeds, gentler stops and turns, and
longer following distances. Here are some safe-driving tips
that will help you when roads are slick with ice or snow:
• Keep your vehicle in the best possible driving condition.
The lights, tires, brakes, windshield wipers, defroster and
radiator are especially important for winter driving.
• Keep your windows clear. Don’t start driving until the
windows are defrosted and clean—even if you’re going
only a short distance. Keep your windshield washer
reservoir filled with a non-freezing solution all winter.
• For safety reasons, you should not use cruise control if
the road is wet and/or icy.
• Buckle up. All occupants are required to wear safety belts
and/or shoulder straps when riding in a vehicle equipped
with them.
• Get the feel of the road by starting out slowly and testing
your steering control and braking ability. Avoid spinning
your tires when you start by gently pressing your gas
pedal until the car starts to roll. Start slowing your car
down at least three times sooner than you normally do
when turning or stopping.
• When stopping, avoid sudden movements of the steering
wheel and pump the brake gently. (Check your vehicle
owner’s manual; if the vehicle has anti-lock brakes, you
may apply steady pressure to the brake pedal.)
• Use tire chains on very slippery roads. (Some states
require chains to be carried during winter months; check
for specific information before driving in other states.)
• Be aware of potential icy areas such as shady spots,
bridges, and overpasses. Ice may form sooner or remain
on bridges and overpasses longer, since they are
exposed on their undersides and are deprived of ground
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warmth. Snow and ice also stay longer in shaded areas.
• Studded snow tires may be used only from October
1st to April 30th. Some years, the Idaho Transportation
Department adjusts the dates due to weather conditions.
GETTING STRANDED DURING
WINTER WEATHER
Idaho winters can be severe, particularly in the mountains.
When traveling in winter months, be prepared in case your
vehicle breaks down or you get into a crash. You should keep
an emergency winter driving kit in your car. The kit should
include:
• Flashlights with extra batteries
• A first aid kit
• A pocket knife
• At least one blanket or sleeping bag
• An extra set of gloves
• Socks and a wool cap
• A small sack of sand or cat litter for generating traction
under the wheels
• A small shovel
• Bottled water
• Booster cables
• Emergency flares
• Energy bars or other non-perishable food items
• A brightly-colored scarf to attract attention in case of an
emergency
• Waterproof matches or cigarette lighter
• A map of the area where you plan to travel
• Phone charger
If you run your car for heat, make sure your exhaust pipe is
clear of snow. If available, tie a scarf or bright cloth on the car
antenna for snow crews to see.
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Let someone know your travel plans, including estimated
departure and arrival times, route, and where you will stay
when you reach your destination. Make sure your cell phone is
charged and you have access to emergency phone numbers.
If you get stranded, stay with your vehicle if heavy snow is
falling. Most deaths occur when people leave their car, get
lost, and freeze.
In case of medical emergencies in areas where roads have
not been plowed, call the local or state police. These agencies
will work with search and rescue personnel and the Idaho
Transportation Department to respond to emergencies.
HANDLING EMERGENCIES
Emergencies appear suddenly, and you may have only a
fraction of a second to make the right move. Lives may depend
on your ability to react quickly. Be prepared for hazards and
know what to do when they show up. Think before you act.
Often, an instinctive reaction, such as slamming on your
brakes while skidding, may be the wrong thing to do.
On the following pages are some tips on handling common
driving emergencies.
SKIDDING
Prevention: Be alert to slick road conditions that may cause
skidding, especially during the winter. When you must stop,
slow down in advance. Never hit the brakes so hard you lock
the wheels or you could lose control of your car.
In most skids, the rear wheels lose their grip on the pavement
and slide left or right. Skidding occurs most often on ice or
packed snow. It can also happen on wet pavement or even on
dry pavement when traveling at high speeds or stopping quickly.
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Recovery: When a skid starts, don’t panic and don’t hit the
brake. Immediately take your foot off the gas pedal, then
steer in the direction of the skid. For example, if your rear
wheels slide to the right, turn your front wheels toward the
right. Before traveling on ice or snow, prepare for trouble by
practicing stops and skid recovery in a safe place, ideally on
private property.
STOPPING QUICKLY
Many vehicles have an anti-lock braking system (ABS). Be sure
to read the vehicle owner’s manual on how to use the ABS.
The ABS may allow you to stop without skidding. In general,
observe the following if you need to stop quickly with ABS:
• During an emergency stop that requires hard braking,
apply continuous pressure on the brake pedal. Do Not
Pump the Brake Pedal as this will defeat the system’s
design, reduce the effectiveness of the ABS, and
increase the distance required to stop the vehicle.
• The ABS will activate immediately, allowing you to retain
full steering control during hard braking and on slippery
surfaces; however, ABS does not decrease stopping
distances.
• During hard braking with ABS, the system actually pumps
the brakes for you at a higher rate than you could do
yourself. This pumping action causes a noise from the
ABS pump motor, and you may feel a noticeable pulse
through the brake pedal.
• Do not be concerned by the noise and pulsation, because
this is normal for ABS. Knowing you will hear the pump
motor and feel the pulse will help you resist the natural
instinct to remove your foot from the pedal.
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Here are instructions for stopping quickly without ABS:
• Press on the brake pedal as hard as you can without
locking the brakes and bring the vehicle to a quick, safe
stop. (You may lock the brakes and cause the vehicle to
skid if you brake too hard.)
• If the brakes lock, you will feel the vehicle begin to skid.
Quickly let up on the brake pedal.
• As soon as the vehicle stops skidding, press down on
the brake pedal again and repeat this press and release
cycle if necessary until the vehicle has stopped.
Be Prepared
IF YOU HAVE CAR TROUBLE
When your car breaks down on the highway, make sure other
drivers can see it. Many crashes occur because a driver didn’t
see a stalled vehicle.
When your car stalls, follow these rules:
• If possible, pull all the way off the road.
• Turn on emergency flashers.
• Lift the hood to let others know you have a problem.
• If you can’t get off the road, stop where people have a
clear view of you and your car from behind. Don’t stop
just over a hill or around a curve.
• If you have emergency flares, place them 200 to 300 feet
behind your car to give others warning.
• If you don’t have flares, stand by the side of the road and
wave traffic around. Use a white cloth or flag if you have
it. Stay off the roadway.
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AVOIDING CRASHES
To avoid a crash, you have two choices, (1) change direction
by steering, or (2) change speed by braking or accelerating.
• Steering: If you don’t think you can stop in time, try to
turn out of the way. If possible, stay off the brakes while
you turn—you’ll have more control.
• Braking: Many drivers slam on the brakes to avoid a
crash. Don’t, unless you have anti-lock brakes. Locking
your brakes may throw you into a skid and make things
worse. Instead, you should pump your brakes hard and
fast. You’ll have more control and stop faster.
• Acceleration: When another car is about to hit you from
the side or rear, accelerating may soften the impact or
prevent the crash.
PROTECTING YOURSELF IN A CRASH
If you can’t avoid a crash, try to protect yourself in the following
ways:
• The best protection is to properly buckle your seat belt
BEFORE you start your trip. Your chance of avoiding
serious injury or death is increased if you are wearing
your seat belt properly.
• If you’re about to be hit from the rear and have a
headrest, press the back of your head against it. Be
ready to brake to avoid hitting cars ahead of you.
• If you’re about to be hit from the side, be prepared to
steer to recover from the impact.
• If you’re about to be hit from the front and you’re wearing a
seat belt, use your arms and hands to protect your face.
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IF YOU HIT AN UNATTENDED VEHICLE
You must make a reasonable effort to find the owner of an
unattended vehicle or other property damaged in a crash in
which you are involved. If the owner cannot be located, leave
a note telling about the crash with your name and phone
number. You must also notify police if the damage was more
than $1,500 or someone was injured.
A CRASH WITH AN UNINSURED DRIVER
If you have recently been in a crash with an uninsured driver
and have been unsuccessful in collecting damages, you may
request that the driving privileges of the uninsured driver
be suspended. After a court judgment has been entered,
the department may suspend the driving privileges of the
uninsured driver until you have been paid, or for up to six
years. For more information, contact any city, county, or
state law enforcement agency, or the Idaho Transportation
Department.
ONCOMING CAR IN YOUR LANE
If you’re threatened with a head-on crash and have some time:
• Slow down and try to warn the other driver by flashing
your lights and honking your horn.
• Pull to the right as far as possible. Don’t go left. The other
driver may recover and hit you broadside.
If you can’t avoid a crash, steer so the cars will hit at an angle
and avoid a head-on crash.
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TIRE BLOWOUTS
Blowouts are unexpected and the driver’s natural response is
to hit the brakes hard. Instead of stomping on the brakes:
• Hold the steering wheel tightly and keep the car headed
straight down the road.
• Ease your foot off the gas pedal, but do not apply the
brakes until you have complete control.
• When the car is under control, brake gently and pull off
the road at the nearest safe location.
RUNNING OFF THE ROAD
Know what to do if the wheels drop off the pavement:
• Grip the wheel tightly and steer straight ahead. Stay on
the shoulder if there are no immediate obstacle.
• Take your foot off the accelerator and apply the brakes
gently.
• Once you’ve slowed down, check traffic for an opening
and then, when it is safe, steer onto the pavement. Be
careful not to over steer and shoot across the center line.
AT THE SCENE OF THE CRASH
Someday, you may come upon a traffic crash where there
are serious injuries and people need help. If police or medical
help is already there, don’t stop. Move on as officers direct. If
you’re the first one to arrive, you should stop and call 911 and
assist if you are able.
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CRASHES & THE LAW
No matter how safely you drive, chances are someday you
may be in a crash. Even if you’re not at fault, you must know
what to do. If you’re involved in a crash, you are required to:
• Stop as near to the scene as possible without blocking
traffic. You may move vehicles that pose a traffic hazard
before the police arrive. Idaho’s “Quick Clearance” law
requires anyone involved in the crash (on an interstate or
major divided highway), that does not cause a death or
injury, to safely move the vehicle to a shoulder, median,
or emergency lane.
• Give any help you can if someone is injured. Idaho’s
Good Samaritan Law protects you from civil liability if
you act in good faith. However, don’t try to move an
injured person from a wrecked vehicle unless you have
the necessary medical training or there is an immediate
danger, such as fire.
• Call for police and medical help as soon as possible.
You must report to police any motor vehicle crash in
which someone is injured or property damage is more
than $1,500. Exchange information at the scene with
the other people involved in the crash, including names,
addresses, and driver’s license numbers of the injured;
names and addresses of any witnesses; and names,
addresses, and insurance policy numbers of the other
vehicle owners. If you provide false information you
may be guilty of a misdemeanor. A police officer, when
present, will help you exchange information with the other
drivers.
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WHAT AFFECTS YOUR DRIVING
PRIVILEGE AND RECORD
Your driving privileges can be suspended, canceled, or
revoked if you break certain laws or become a careless driver,
even if you have not been issued a driver’s license.
Your future driving privileges can be affected because driving
records are maintained even for drivers who have not been
issued a license. The Idaho Transportation Department (ITD)
keeps a record of your crashes and moving violations, including
those occurring in other states. Your part may prevent serious
injuries or death.
THE DRIVER LICENSE COMPACT
Idaho is a member of this compact, which is an agreement
among states to promote driver compliance with driving laws,
ordinances, and administrative actions in member states.
Membership is a major step necessary to maximize law
enforcement efforts against drunk drivers and other serious
traffic offenders. Under this compact, serious offenses and
minor moving violations will be sent to a driver’s home state,
and action will be taken as if the violation occurred in the
driver’s home state.
If you are a licensed Idaho driver and are convicted of a traffic
offense in another state, the information on that offense will
be sent to Idaho and placed on your driving record. If it is a
suspendable offense, your driving privileges will be suspended
by the Idaho Transportation Department, Division of Motor
Vehicles.
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SUSPENSION & POINT VIOLATIONS SYSTEM
Your driving record is evaluated by a point system in which you
receive one to four points for each moving traffic violation on
your record. For additional information about point violations,
visit our web site at dmv.idaho.gov.
Under the point system, the department may take the following
action(s) against you:
NUMBER OF POINTS PENALTY
8 to 11 in any 12 months Warning letter
12 to 17 in any 12 months 30-day suspension
18 to 23 in any 24 months 90-day suspension
24 or more in any 36 months 6-month suspension
Points may be removed from your driving record once every
three years by completing either an ITD-approved Defensive
Driving Course (DDC) or a Traffic Safety Education Course
(TSC), offered by law enforcement at the time of a stop and
issuance of a citation in some cities in the state. Both courses
only remove points from your driving record; they do not
remove the conviction.
A maximum of three (3) points may be removed from your
driving record upon completion of an ITD-approved DDC.
Points must be on your driving record before completion of
the course in order to be eligible for point reduction. Defensive
driving courses are offered in several Idaho cities and online.
Approved courses are found at dmv.idaho.gov or by contacting
the Idaho Transportation Department at 208-584-4343.
A maximum of four (4) points may be removed from your
driving record upon completion of a TSC. For points to be
removed, the course must be offered by law enforcement
and accepted by the driver at the time of citation. The course
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must be completed within 45 days of the citation. The number
of points removed will coincide with the number of points
associated with the citation issued by law enforcement.
REASONS FOR SUSPENSION
The courts and the Idaho Transportation Department are
authorized by law to suspend, disqualify, deny, cancel, or
revoke the license of drivers convicted of breaking certain
laws. Those violations include but are not limited to:
• Driving while under the influence of alcohol or other drugs
• Using a motor vehicle to commit a felony
• Leaving the scene of a crash in which you were involved,
when the crash caused property damage
• Making false statements—oral or written—to the Idaho
Transportation Department while under oath
• Reckless driving
• Failing to pay a judgment for damages in a crash
• Administrative license suspension – an automatic license
suspension for failure of an evidentiary test (breath,
blood, or urine)
• Refusing to take an evidentiary test
• Fleeing from or eluding a peace officer
• Leaving the scene of a crash resulting in injury or death
• Unlawful use of a driver’s license or identification card
• Failure to carry motor vehicle insurance
• Violation of restriction (daylight only, lenses, etc.)
• Failure to attend school or comply with school requirements
• Failure to pay child support, or comply with visitation rights,
or failure to comply with a subpoena for a paternity suit
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GRADUATED DRIVERS LICENSE (GDL)
PENALTIES
All drivers under 17 years of age are subject to the following
penalties:
• A warning letter upon the first conviction for a moving
traffic violation (this letter provides warning that future
violations may result in the suspension of your driving
privileges).
• A 30-day suspension of driving privileges for a second
conviction for a moving traffic violation.
• A 60-day suspension of driving privileges for a third or
subsequent conviction for a moving traffic violation.
These penalties are in addition to the permit cancellation during
the supervised instruction period, or any other suspension
that may be ordered by a court or the department. The GDL
penalty suspension periods are absolute and do not allow
driving privileges of any kind.
ADMINISTRATIVE LICENSE SUSPENSION
If you are arrested for operating a motor vehicle while under
the influence of alcohol or other intoxicating substances and
you fail an evidentiary test by having an alcohol concentration
over the legal limit, a peace officer will serve you immediately
with a Notice of Suspension; the notice may be sent if blood
or urine results show you were driving under the influence of
alcohol or other intoxicating substances. This notice is an Idaho
Transportation Department imposed administrative driver’s
license suspension (ALS), that is issued in accordance with
Section 18-8002A, Idaho Code. You have the right to request
an administrative hearing on the suspension within seven (7)
days of the date on the notice of suspension, before a hearing
officer designated by the department.
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The ALS penalty is a civil penalty and is separate and apart
from any criminal penalties imposed by the court system. If you
receive an ALS, you must comply with the ALS requirements,
and also appear in court on your appointed date regarding the
criminal DUI charges brought against you.
Your notice of suspension becomes effective thirty (30) days
after the date of service (the date you received the notice).
For a first failure, your driving privileges will be suspended
for a period of ninety (90) days. You will have absolutely no
driving privileges during the first thirty (30) days of that ninety
(90) day suspension. You will be required to have an ignition
interlock device installed on any vehicle you drive for one (1)
year after the end of your suspension period. Your driving
privileges will be suspended for one year with absolutely no
driving privileges of any kind for a second failure of the test
within five (5) years.
TEST REFUSAL FOR ALCOHOL, DRUGS, OR
OTHER INTOXICATING SUBSTANCES
Implied Consent – In Idaho, any person who drives, or is in
physical control of, a motor vehicle has given their consent to
take a BAC or drug test if they are suspected of driving under
the influence, under the provisions of Section 18-8002, Idaho
Code. If you refuse to take the test when requested to do
so by a law enforcement officer, you are subject to a driver’s
license suspension and a civil penalty of $250.00 under the
provisions of Section 18-8002, Idaho Code.
If you refuse to take the test as requested, the officer will issue
you a notice of suspension. If the court upholds the officer’s
findings, your license will be suspended for one year with
absolutely no driving privileges of any kind if it is your first
offense.
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A second refusal within 10 years will result in a two-year
absolute suspension. This penalty is in addition to any penalty
you receive in court for a DUI conviction.
RESTRICTED DRIVING PERMIT
If your Idaho license is suspended, you may qualify for
a restricted permit allowing you to drive to and from work,
medical treatments, etc. If you were suspended by the
department, you may apply for a restricted permit at the Idaho
Transportation Department in Boise. If you are suspended by
the court, you must apply for restricted driving privileges from
the court that convicted you.
IGNITION INTERLOCK DEVICE
The ignition interlock device is mandatory on all administrative
license suspensions, beginning after your suspension ends.
If you have been convicted of driving under the influence, you
will be required to have an ignition interlock device installed in
any vehicle that you drive, unless the court orders otherwise.
This device requires the driver to provide a breath sample in
order to start the vehicle. If the sample indicates an alcohol
content at or above a preset level, the vehicle will not start.
The cost of installation, maintenance, and monthly fees are
paid by the driver.
GETTING YOUR DRIVING PRIVILEGES BACK
When your suspension or revocation period ends, you may
get your driving privileges back by applying to the Idaho
Transportation Department in Boise. You will be required to
pay a reinstatement fee of $25.00 to $285.00, depending upon
the nature of the suspension. Multiple suspensions may carry
multiple reinstatement fees. If your license was suspended
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for certain serious offenses (reckless driving, driving under
the influence, etc.) you must also provide proof of financial
responsibility for three years. The acceptable form of proof
of financial responsibility is a certified statement of liability
insurance coverage from your insurer (an SR-22 certificate).
Additionally, if you violate Idaho’s no-insurance laws, you will
be required to provide proof of financial responsibility for one
year for a first offense. If you commit a second offense in a five-
year period, you will be required to provide proof of financial
responsibility for three years. For more information, contact the
Idaho Transportation Department in Boise at 208-584-4343.
HOW MUCH IS TOO MUCH
You cannot trust yourself or your friends to judge your ability
to drive safely after you’ve had a few drinks. Your ability to
drive may be impaired long before you or anyone else notices
outward signs.
If you drink enough to increase your alcohol concentration
past .05, be careful. At slightly above .05, the risk of causing a
crash doubles. At .10, the risk is six times as great. At .15, the
risk is 25 times as great.
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IS BEER SAFER THAN HARD LIQUOR
A jigger (1.5 ounces) of 80-proof hard liquor, five ounces of
table wine, or 12 ounces of beer all contain approximately the
same amount of alcohol—about an ounce each. Studies have
found the greatest percentage of people arrested for driving
under the influence had been drinking beer.
HOW DRINKING AFFECTS YOU
Alcohol passes directly through your stomach and small
intestine into the bloodstream, where it flows to all parts of your
body. On an empty stomach, this process takes place almost
immediately. On a full stomach, it takes somewhat longer. In
either case, when the alcohol reaches your brain, it promotes
relaxation. In large amounts, it dulls the parts of your brain
that control inhibition, judgment, and self-control. As a result,
you may feel stimulated, lively, and a bit giddy or foolish. After
two to four drinks, alcohol begins to impair your reaction time,
coordination, and balance. Your vision and ability to judge
distance suffers too, making it harder to react to dangers ahead.
Once alcohol is in your bloodstream, neither aspirin, black
coffee, deep breathing, a slap in the face, exercise, nor eating
will sober you up. Only time will return you to normal.
Alcohol can be a mood changer producing sudden shifts in
mood, from elation to anger. Studies show a combination of
alcohol and anger is responsible for much of the reckless,
aggressive driving that often causes fatal highway crashes.
HOW DRINKING AFFECTS DRIVING
Drinking affects your thinking; it also slows your reaction time.
By making you feel good, alcohol may also give you false
confidence. Such factors affect your driving in ways that a
trained law enforcement officer can detect. Some signs of
drunken driving are: 129
• Speeding: Drinking drivers often think they can drive
safely at high speeds.
• Weaving: Even though drivers may stay in their lane,
they may have trouble steering straight.
• Slow driving: Drinking drivers may be overly cautious
and drive slower than normal traffic.
• Jerking motion: Drinking drivers often have short mental
lapses revealed by jerky steering or acceleration.
• Quick stops: Drinking drivers may make sudden stops at
traffic signs or lights, rather than easing up to them.
OPEN CONTAINER LAW
Idaho’s open container law prohibits both drivers and
passengers from drinking or possessing an open beverage
container of alcohol. To transport any unsealed alcoholic
beverages in a vehicle, the container must be in the trunk or
behind the last upright seat if there is no trunk.
DRUGS & DRIVING
If you have to drive, you should avoid taking any drug that
might hamper your ability to operate your vehicle. If you drink
alcohol while taking certain drugs or medications, you may
feel and be more impaired, which can affect your ability to
perform driving-related tasks.
• Prescription drugs: When your doctor writes out a
prescription, ask the doctor if it will make you drowsy or
otherwise affect your driving. If so, let someone else drive
while you are taking the drug.
• Over-the-counter drugs: Over-the-counter drugs
include such things as pain relievers, lozenges, and
cough and cold remedies. By law, these drugs must
provide directions for use. Read the label. If driving is
discouraged, don’t get behind the wheel.
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IMPAIRED DRIVING
Illegal drugs are dangerous when mixed with driving. Driving
while under the influence of legal or illegal substances
is drugged driving. It is illegal in every state. Commonly
used illegal drugs include marijuana, heroin, cocaine,
amphetamines and methamphetamines, and club drugs.
Marijuana slows reaction time and impairs judgment of time and
distance. Methamphetamine or cocaine causes aggressive and
reckless behaviors. Opioids cause drowsiness and impaired
memory and thinking skills. Sedatives (benzodiazepines,
barbiturates, etc.) cause dizziness and drowsiness.
STRATEGIES TO PREVENT IMPAIRED
DRIVING
• Offer to be a designated driver.
• Have a designated driver take all car keys.
• Get a ride to and from parties where there are drugs and
alcohol.
• Avoid going to parties where alcohol and drugs are
present.
• Talk with friends about the risks of drugged driving.
DRIVING UNDER THE INFLUENCE
Under Idaho law you are considered to be driving under the
influence if your blood-alcohol concentration (BAC) is .02 or
more if you are under 21 years of age, .04 or more if you are
operating a commercial vehicle, and .08 or more if you are 21
or older. An alcohol concentration of .20 or more carries even
stiffer penalties. Even if your BAC is less than .08, you may be
convicted of driving under the influence of other intoxicating
substances.
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If you’re convicted, the criminal penalties are:
• For a first conviction: Up to six months in jail; up to a
$1,000 fine; and mandatory driver’s license suspension
of at least 90 days and up to 180 days (one year if you
are under 21), with absolutely no driving privileges for the
first 30 days. An ignition interlock restriction will likely be
required after the suspension.
• For a second conviction within 10 years: Mandatory jail
sentence from 10 days to one year (30 days if you are
under 21); up to a $2,000 fine; and a mandatory driver’s
license suspension of one year (two years if you are
under 21). An ignition interlock restriction will likely be
required after the suspension.
• For three or more convictions within 10 years: Mandatory
jail sentence from 30 days to ten years (10 days to six
months if under 21); up to a $5,000 fine (up to $2,000 if
under 21); mandatory driver’s license suspension from
one to five years (if under 21, mandatory suspension
for 1 year or up to age 21 whichever is greater). An
ignition interlock restriction will likely be required after the
suspension. This conviction is a felony.
There are enhanced penalties for CDL drivers who drive under
the influence, up to the lifetime loss of CDL privileges.
WHAT TO EXPECT AND DO WHEN STOPPED
BY LAW ENFORCEMENT
When law enforcement stops you, stay calm, activate your
turn signal, and pull off or to the side of the roadway as soon
and safely as possible. Turn off the ignition and radio, and stay
in your vehicle unless directed by the officer to exit. Keep your
hands on the steering wheel so they are easily observable.
Cell phones and mobile devices should not be used by you or
any of your passengers. Do not make sudden moves or
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search for your driver’s license or vehicle documents – wait
for the officer to give you instructions. If you have a weapon in
the vehicle, inform the officer upon first contact.
The officer may ask to see your driver’s license, proof of
insurance, and vehicle registration. If the documents are out
of your reach, tell the officer where they are before you reach
for them. If the officer asks you to exit the vehicle, stay safely
away from traffic and keep your hands in plain view.
When the officer completes their interaction with you, they may
issue a warning or a traffic ticket, which may include a fine. If
you wish to contest the ticket, you will have the opportunity
to explain your point of view of what happened in court. Your
acceptance and signature on a traffic ticket is not an admission
of guilt; however, the refusal to sign a traffic ticket may result
in your arrest. If you believe the officer acted inappropriately,
report it to the officer’s agency in a timely manner. The name
of the officer and law enforcement agency will be on the ticket,
or you may ask the officer to provide this information.
Good communication from all involved parties can make a
traffic stop a safe experience for all parties involved.
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PRACTICE TEST QUESTIONS
1. When you park parallel to a curb or edge of the roadway
you must not be more than:
a. 24 inches
b. 6 inches
c. 18 inches
d. Does not matter
2. When is it legal to pass a vehicle on the right without
leaving the pavement:
a. On a two-lane, two-way highway and the vehicle you
are passing is turning left
b. The vehicle is going below the speed limit and there is
a large shoulder on the highway
c. It is never legal to pass on the right
d. Only during daylight hours
3. This sign means:
a. Okay to speed
b. Railroad crossing
c. Intersection/crossroad
d. 4 way stop
4. You do not have to stop for a school bus if:
a. You are traveling in a rural area
b. You are traveling in the same direction as the school
bus on a four-lane highway with two lanes going in the
opposite direction
c. You are traveling in the opposite direction of the school
bus on a four-lane highway with two lanes going each
direction
d. None of the above
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5. Use of cell phones while driving:
a. Is not a problem in Idaho
b. Can distract you and cause an accident
c. Is an uncommon occurrence
d. Is highly recommended
6. When you change lanes it is important to:
a. Signal your intentions ahead of time
b. Check your blind spot
c. Make sure the lane is clear before entering it
d. All of the above
7. If traffic signals are not functioning due to a power
outage you:
a. Park your vehicle as far off the road as possible and
wait for the power to be restored
b. Use hand signals to indicate your intentions to the
other drivers
c. Turn on your hazard lights and proceed through the
intersection without stopping
d. Treat the intersections as a 4 way stop
8. Is it legal to pass when the pavement is marked with
solid double yellow lines:
a. Yes
b. No
c. Only if there is no oncoming traffic
d. Only if the vehicle ahead of you is driving under the
speed limit
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9. A person walking with a white/silver cane or guide dog
is likely to be:
a. A deaf person
b. A person involved with a traffic study
c. A blind person
d. None of the above
10. The most common color for warning lights is:
a. Red
b. Green
c. Blue
d. Yellow
11. This sign means:
a. Curve ahead
b. No u turn
c. No turning
d. None of the above
12. Is it legal to pass in an intersection:
a. Yes
b. No
13. What is Idaho’s basic law for the driving speed:
a. Always drive the posted speed
b. Drive at a speed that is reasonable and prudent at all
times
c. Drive 5-10 mph below the speed limit just to be safe
d. Drive at the same speed as those around you.
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14. Highways with dashed white lines, can be crossed
over:
a. At any time
b. Only during daylight hours
c. When it is safe to do so
d. Only when passing another vehicle
15. Highways can be slick under what conditions:
a. When it has just started to rain, due to oil and water
creating a greasy mix
b. When there is moisture on the road and the
temperature is at freezing or below
c. Both of the above
d. None of the above
16. Many rear-end collisions are caused by:
a. Following the car ahead of you too closely
b. Poor road surface
c. Faulty steering control
d. Persons under the age of 16
17. As you prepare to merge with traffic on a freeway, you
should do which of the following:
a. None of these
b. Stop to check traffic
c. Expect others to yield the right-of-way to you
d. Adjust your speed to merge smoothly
18. The driver of a vehicle approaching a railroad grade
crossing must:
a. Stop only if a train is in sight
b. Stop only if they choose to
c. Never stop
d. Stop within 50 feet but no less than 15 feet from the
nearest rail of the crossing when required.
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19. Normally, you should pass vehicles on the:
a. Left
b. Right
c. Whenever you get a chance
d. Only when the other driver signals it is safe
20. This sign means:
a. Divided highway ends
b. Divided highway begins
c. None of the above
d. Divided highway ends and begins
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.
IDAHO
DRIVER’S HANDBOOK
Visit us online at
dmv.idaho.gov
Published by
Idaho Transportation Department
Division of Motor Vehicles
P.O. Box 7129
Boise, Idaho 83707-1129
Phone: (208) 584-4343
01-9530906
Frequently Asked Questions
How many questions are on the Idaho DMV written test?
The Idaho (ID) DMV written knowledge test typically consists of 20–50 multiple-choice questions. The exact number varies — check the official Idaho DMV website for the current format.
What topics are covered in the Idaho driver's handbook?
The Idaho driver's handbook covers traffic laws and regulations, road signs and signals, safe driving practices, right-of-way rules, speed limits, DUI/DWI laws, and vehicle operation requirements specific to Idaho.
Is the Idaho driver's handbook available in Spanish?
Many states provide their driver's handbook in multiple languages. Download links for all available languages — including Spanish, Russian, Chinese, and more — are listed above on this page.
How do I pass the Idaho DMV written test?
Study the official Idaho driver's handbook thoroughly, then take free practice tests at DMVSOS.com to reinforce what you've learned. Most test-takers who study the full handbook and complete several practice tests pass on their first attempt.